USA:s justitieminister
| USA:s justitieminister | |
 | |
| Titel | The Honorable |
|---|---|
| Säte | Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building, Washington, D.C. |
| Utses av | presidenten (med senatens råd och samtycke) |
| Underställd | Presidenten |
| Förste innehavare | Edmund Randolph |
| Inrättat | 1789 |
| Webbplats | www.justice.gov/ag |
USA:s justitieminister (engelska: United States Attorney General) är chef för USA:s justitiedepartement och nomineras av USA:s president. Det krävs senatens råd och samtycke innan presidenten kan utse någon.[1]. Huvudkontor ligger i Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building i Washington, D.C.. Justitieminister anses vara en av de mer prestigefyllda ministerposterna i USA:s kabinett och är nummer sju i presidentämbetets successionsordning.[2]
Ministerns närmaste medarbetare är Deputy Attorney General och Associate Attorney General, samt Solicitor General, vilken normalt företräder den federala statsmakten inför USA:s högsta domstol.[3][4][5] Justitieminister är chef för samtliga federala åklagare, om annat inte uttryckligen föreskrivs i lag.[6]
Även om det uttryckligen inte krävs någon juristexamen för att utses till justitieminister, så påbjuder sedvanan det, samt faktumet att det finns flera sektioner i federal lagstiftning som de facto förutsätter detsamma, bland annat rätten att personligen företräda den federala statsmakten i federal domstol[7], liksom skyldigheten att ge juridiska utlåtanden till presidenten och cheferna för andra regeringsdepartement, liksom till de civila cheferna för militärdepartementen.[8][9][10]
Den nuvarande justitieministern är Merrick Garland.
Lista över USA:s justitieministrar från 1789
| Federalist | Demokrat-republikan | Demokrat | Whig | Republikan |
| Nr | Bild | Justitieminister | Hemdelstat | Tillträdde | Avgick | Politiskt parti | President(er) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Edmund Randolph (1753–1813) | Virginia | 26 september 1789 | 26 januari 1794 | Federalisterna | George Washington | ||
| 2 | William Bradford (1755–1795) | Pennsylvania | 27 januari 1794 | 23 augusti 1795 † | Partilös | George Washington | ||
| 3 | Charles Lee (1758–1815) | Virginia | 10 december 1795 | 19 februari 1801 | Federalisterna | George Washington John Adams | ||
| 4 | Levi Lincoln (1749–1820) | Massachusetts | 5 mars 1801 | 2 mars 1805 | Demokrat-republikan | Thomas Jefferson | ||
| 5 | John Breckinridge (1760–1806) | Kentucky | 7 augusti 1805 | 14 december 1806 † | Demokrat-republikan | Thomas Jefferson | ||
| 6 | Caesar A. Rodney (1772–1824) | Delaware | 20 januari 1807 | 10 december 1811 | Demokrat-republikan | Thomas Jefferson James Madison | ||
| 7 | William Pinkney (1764–1822) | Maryland | 11 december 1811 | 9 februari 1814 | Demokrat-republikan | James Madison | ||
| 8 | Richard Rush (1780–1859) | Pennsylvania | 10 februari 1814 | 12 november 1817 | Federalisterna | James Madison | ||
| 9 | William Wirt (1772–1834) | Virginia | 13 november 1817 | 4 mars 1829 | Demokrat-republikan | James Monroe John Quincy Adams | ||
| 10 | John M. Berrien (1781–1856) | Georgia | 9 mars 1829 | 19 juli 1831 | Demokraterna | Andrew Jackson | ||
| 11 | Roger B. Taney (1777–1864) | Maryland | 20 juli 1831 | 14 november 1833 | Demokraterna | Andrew Jackson | ||
| 12 | Benjamin F. Butler (1795–1858) | New York | 15 november 1833 | 4 juli 1838 | Demokraterna | Andrew Jackson Martin Van Buren | ||
| 13 | Felix Grundy (1777–1840) | Tennessee | 5 juli 1838 | 10 januari 1840 | Demokraterna | Martin Van Buren | ||
| 14 | Henry D. Gilpin (1801–1860) | Pennsylvania | 11 januari 1840 | 4 mars 1841 | Demokraterna | Martin Van Buren | ||
| 15 | John J. Crittenden (1786–1863) | Kentucky | 5 mars 1841 | 12 september 1841 | Whig | William Henry Harrison John Tyler | ||
| 16 | Hugh S. Legaré (1797–1843) | South Carolina | 13 september 1841 | 30 juni 1843 | Demokraterna | John Tyler | ||
| 17 | John Nelson (1791–1860) | Maryland | 1 juli 1843 | 4 mars 1845 | Whig | John Tyler | ||
| 18 | John Y. Mason (1799–1859) | Virginia | 5 mars 1845 | 16 oktober 1846 | Demokraterna | James K. Polk | ||
| 19 | Nathan Clifford (1803–1881) | Maine | 17 oktober 1846 | 17 mars 1848 | Demokraterna | James K. Polk | ||
| 20 | Isaac Toucey (1792–1869) | Connecticut | 21 juni 1848 | 4 mars 1849 | Demokraterna | James K. Polk | ||
| 21 | Reverdy Johnson (1796–1876) | Maryland | 8 mars 1849 | 21 juli 1850 | Whig | Zachary Taylor | ||
| 22 | John J. Crittenden (1786–1863) | Kentucky | 22 juli 1850 | 4 mars 1853 | Whig | Millard Fillmore | ||
| 23 | Caleb Cushing (1800–1879) | Massachusetts | 7 mars 1853 | 4 mars 1857 | Demokraterna | Franklin Pierce | ||
| 24 | Jeremiah S. Black (1810–1883) | Pennsylvania | 6 mars 1857 | 16 december 1860 | Demokraterna | James Buchanan | ||
| 25 | Edwin M. Stanton (1814–1869) | Pennsylvania | 20 december 1860 | 4 mars 1861 | Demokraterna | James Buchanan | ||
| 26 | Edward Bates (1793–1869) | Missouri | 5 mars 1861 | 24 november 1864 | Republikanerna | Abraham Lincoln | ||
| 27 | James Speed (1812–1887) | Kentucky | 2 december 1864 | 22 juli 1866 | Republikanerna | Abraham Lincoln Andrew Johnson | ||
| 28 | Henry Stanbery (1803–1881) | Ohio | 23 juli 1866 | 16 juli 1868 | Republikanerna | Andrew Johnson | ||
| 29 | William M. Evarts (1818–1901) | New York | 17 juli 1868 | 4 mars 1869 | Republikanerna | Andrew Johnson | ||
| 30 | Ebenezer R. Hoar (1830–1893) | Massachusetts | 5 mars 1869 | 22 november 1870 | Republikanerna | Ulysses S. Grant | ||
| 31 | Amos T. Akerman (1821–1880) | Georgia | 23 november 1870 | 13 december 1871 | Republikanerna | Ulysses S. Grant | ||
| 32 | George Henry Williams (1823–1910) | Oregon | 14 december 1871 | 25 april 1875 | Republikanerna | Ulysses S. Grant | ||
| 33 | Edwards Pierrepont (1817–1892) | New York | 26 april 1875 | 21 maj 1876 | Republikanerna | Ulysses S. Grant | ||
| 34 | Alphonso Taft (1810–1891) | Ohio | 22 maj 1876 | 4 mars 1877 | Republikanerna | Ulysses S. Grant | ||
| 35 | Charles Devens (1820–1891) | Massachusetts | 12 mars 1877 | 4 mars 1881 | Republikanerna | Rutherford B. Hayes | ||
| 36 | Wayne MacVeagh (1833–1917) | Pennsylvania | 5 mars 1881 | 15 december 1881 | Republikanerna | James Garfield | ||
| 37 | Benjamin H. Brewster (1816–1888) | Pennsylvania | 16 december 1881 | 4 mars 1885 | Republikanerna | Chester A. Arthur | ||
| 38 | Augustus Hill Garland (1832–1899) | Arkansas | 6 mars 1885 | 4 mars 1889 | Demokraterna | Grover Cleveland | ||
| 39 | William H.H. Miller (1840–1917) | Indiana | 7 mars 1889 | 4 mars 1893 | Republikanerna | Benjamin Harrison | ||
| 40 | Richard Olney (1835–1917) | Massachusetts | 6 mars 1893 | 7 april 1895 | Demokraterna | Grover Cleveland | ||
| 41 | Judson Harmon (1846–1927) | Ohio | 8 april 1895 | 4 mars 1897 | Demokraterna | Grover Cleveland | ||
| 42 | Joseph McKenna (1843–1926) | Kalifornien | 5 mars 1897 | 25 januari 1898 | Republikanerna | William McKinley | ||
| 43 | John W. Griggs (1849–1927) | New Jersey | 25 januari 1898 | 29 mars 1901 | Republikanerna | William McKinley | ||
| 44 | Philander C. Knox (1853–1921) | Pennsylvania | 5 april 1901 | 30 juni 1904 | Republikanerna | William McKinley Theodore Roosevelt | ||
| 45 | William Henry Moody (1853–1917) | Massachusetts | 1 juli 1904 | 17 december 1906 | Republikanerna | Theodore Roosevelt | ||
| 46 | Charles Joseph Bonaparte (1851–1921) | Maryland | 17 december 1906 | 4 mars 1909 | Republikanerna | Theodore Roosevelt | ||
| 47 | George W. Wickersham (1858–1936) | New York | 4 mars 1909 | 4 mars 1913 | Republikanerna | William Howard Taft | ||
| 48 | James Clark McReynolds (1862–1946) | Tennessee | 5 mars 1913 | 29 augusti 1914 | Republikanerna | Woodrow Wilson | ||
| 49 | Thomas Watt Gregory (1861–1933) | Texas | 29 augusti 1914 | 4 mars 1919 | Demokraterna | Woodrow Wilson | ||
| 50 | A. Mitchell Palmer (1872–1936) | Pennsylvania | 5 mars 1919 | 4 mars 1921 | Demokraterna | Woodrow Wilson | ||
| 51 | Harry M. Daugherty (1860–1941) | Ohio | 4 mars 1921 | 6 april 1924 | Republikanerna | Warren G. Harding Calvin Coolidge | ||
| 52 | Harlan Fiske Stone (1872–1946) | New York | 7 april 1924 | 1 mars 1925 | Republikanerna | Calvin Coolidge | ||
| 53 | John G. Sargent (1860–1939) | Vermont | 7 mars 1925 | 4 mars 1929 | Republikanerna | Calvin Coolidge | ||
| 54 | William D. Mitchell (1874–1955) | Minnesota | 4 mars 1929 | 4 mars 1933 | Demokraterna | Herbert Hoover | ||
| 55 | Homer S. Cummings (1870–1956) | Connecticut | 4 mars 1933 | 1 januari 1939 | Demokraterna | Franklin D. Roosevelt | ||
| 56 | Frank Murphy (1890–1949) | Michigan | 2 januari 1939 | 18 januari 1940 | Demokraterna | Franklin D. Roosevelt | ||
| 57 | Robert H. Jackson (1892–1954) | New York | 18 januari 1940 | 25 augusti 1941 | Demokraterna | Franklin D. Roosevelt | ||
| 58 | Francis Biddle (1886–1968) | Pennsylvania | 26 augusti 1941 | 26 juni 1945 | Demokraterna | Franklin D. Roosevelt | ||
| 59 | Tom C. Clark (1899–1977) | Texas | 27 juni 1945 | 26 juli 1949 | Demokraterna | Harry S. Truman | ||
| 60 | J. Howard McGrath (1903–1966) | Rhode Island | 27 juli 1949 | 3 april 1952 | Demokraterna | Harry S. Truman | ||
| 61 | James P. McGranery (1895–1962) | Pennsylvania | 4 april 1952 | 20 januari 1953 | Demokraterna | Harry S. Truman | ||
| 62 | Herbert Brownell, Jr. (1904–1996) | New York | 21 januari 1953 | 23 oktober 1957 | Republikanerna | Dwight D. Eisenhower | ||
| 63 | William P. Rogers (1913–2001) | Maryland | 23 oktober 1957 | 20 januari 1961 | Republikanerna | Dwight D. Eisenhower | ||
| 64 | Robert Kennedy (1925–1968) | Massachusetts | 20 januari 1961 | 3 september 1964 | Demokraterna | John F. Kennedy Lyndon Johnson | ||
| 65 | Nicholas Katzenbach (1922–2012) | Illinois | 28 januari 1965 | 28 november 1966 | Demokraterna | Lyndon Johnson | ||
| 66 | Ramsey Clark (född 1927) | Texas | 10 mars 1967 | 20 januari 1969 | Demokraterna | Lyndon Johnson | ||
| 67 | John N. Mitchell (1913–1988) | New York | 20 januari 1969 | 15 februari 1972 | Republikanerna | Richard Nixon | ||
| 68 | Richard Kleindienst (1923–2000) | Arizona | 15 februari 1972 | 25 maj 1973 | Republikanerna | Richard Nixon | ||
| 69 | Elliot Richardson (1920–1999) | Massachusetts | 25 maj 1973 | 20 oktober 1973 | Republikanerna | Richard Nixon | ||
| 70 | William B. Saxbe (1916–2010) | Ohio | 17 december 1973 | 14 januari 1975 | Republikanerna | Richard Nixon | ||
| 71 | Edward H. Levi (1911–2000) | Illinois | 14 januari 1975 | 20 januari 1977 | Republikanerna | Gerald Ford | ||
| 72 | Griffin B. Bell (1918–2009) | Georgia | 26 januari 1977 | 16 augusti 1979 | Demokraterna | Jimmy Carter | ||
| 73 | Benjamin Civiletti (1935–2022) | Maryland | 16 augusti 1979 | 19 januari 1981 | Demokraterna | Jimmy Carter | ||
| 74 | William French Smith (1917–1990) | Kalifornien | 23 januari 1981 | 25 februari 1985 | Republikanerna | Ronald Reagan | ||
| 75 | Edwin Meese III (född 1931) | Kalifornien | 25 februari 1985 | 12 augusti 1988 | Republikanerna | Ronald Reagan | ||
| 76 | Richard L. Thornburgh (1932–2020) | Pennsylvania | 12 augusti 1988 | 15 augusti 1991 | Republikanerna | Ronald Reagan George H. W. Bush | ||
| 77 | William Barr (född 1950) | New York | 26 november 1991 | 20 januari 1993 | Republikanerna | George H. W. Bush | ||
| 78 | Janet Reno (1938–2016) | Florida | 12 mars 1993 | 20 januari 2001 | Demokraterna | Bill Clinton | ||
| 79 | John Ashcroft (född 1942) | Missouri | 2 februari 2001 | 3 februari 2005 | Republikanerna | George W. Bush | ||
| 80 | Alberto Gonzales (född 1955) | Texas | 3 februari 2005 | 17 september 2007 | Republikanerna | George W. Bush | ||
| 81 | Michael Mukasey (född 1941) | New York | 9 november 2007 | 20 januari 2009 | Republikanerna | George W. Bush | ||
| 82 | Eric Holder (född 1951) | District of Columbia | 3 februari 2009 | 27 april 2015 | Demokraterna | Barack Obama | ||
| 83 | Loretta Lynch (född 1956) | New York | 27 april 2015 | 20 januari 2017 | Demokraterna | Barack Obama | ||
| 84 | Jeff Sessions (född 1946) | Alabama | 9 februari 2017 | 7 november 2018 | Republikanerna | Donald Trump | ||
| 85 | William Barr (född 1950) | Virginia | 14 februari 2019 | 23 december 2020 | Republikanerna | Donald Trump | ||
| 86 | Merrick Garland (född 1952) | Maryland | 11 mars 2021 | Nuvarande | Demokraterna | Joe Biden | ||
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