USA:s justitiedepartement

USA:s justitiedepartement
Officiellt sigill.
UnderordnadUSA:s president
LedningUSA:s justitieminister
SäteRobert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building
950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, D.C., USA
ÖverordnadFederala åklagare
ATF
DEA
FBI
FBP
U.S. Marshals
Inrättad1 juli 1870
Budget$27,1 miljarder (2013)[1]
Antal anställda113 543 (2012)
Webbplatswww.justice.gov
Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building vid 950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW i centrala Washington, DC.
Organisationsschema (2018).

USA:s justitiedepartement (engelska: United States Department of Justice, DOJ) är ett regeringsdepartement och del av den verkställande grenen av USA:s federala statsmakt. Departementet ansvarar för det federala åklagarväsendet, att allmän ordning upprätthålls mot inhemska och utländska hot, samverkan med Interpol, brottsprevention samt ansvar för federala fängelsen.

USA:s justitieministerämbete (Attorney General) inrättades 1789 och var ett enmansjobb fram till 1870 då justitiedepartementet slutligen inrättades. Dess huvudkontor är Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building i centrala Washington, D.C..[2]

Bakgrund

Befattningen som Attorney General infördes med Judiciary Act of 1789 som ett enmansjobb på halvtid, men i takt med att arbetsuppgifterna växte utökades byråkratin. Ursprungligen gav ämbetsinnehavaren också jurdiska råd till både USA:s kongress och presidenten, men slutade med de föregående i 1819 på grund av den höga arbetsbelastning det medförde. Ledamoten av USA:s representanthus William Lawrence (1819-1899) föreslog 1867 ett särskilt departement som skulle ledas av Attorney General. 19 februari 1868 introducerade William Lawrence förslaget i en motion, men hade inget genomslag, eftersom president Andrew Johnson offentligen gav uttryck att något behov ej förelåg. Ett liknande förslag blev antaget av båda kamrarna 25 februari 1870, president Ulysses S. Grant skrev 22 juni under lagen som skapade justitiedepartmentet. Departementet påbörjade sin verksamhet den 1 juli samma år.

Ledning

Justitiedepartementet leds av USA:s justitieminister (som på engelska har titeln Attorney General) som utnämns av USA:s president med senatens råd och samtycke.[3] Justitieministern biträds av Deputy Attorney General samt Associate Attorney General.[4] En annan viktig medarbetare är justitiekanslern (Solicitor General), som företräder den verkställande grenen av den federala statsmakten inför USA:s högsta domstol.[5]

Myndigheter

ATFBureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives1972
DEADrug Enforcement Administration1973
FBIFederal Bureau of Investigation1908
FBPFederal Bureau of Prisons1930
OJPOffice of Justice Programs
(I vilket bland annat BJS ingår)
1984
OIGOffice of the Inspector General1989
USMSU.S. Marshals Service1789

Se även

Referenser

Den här artikeln är helt eller delvis baserad på material från engelskspråkiga Wikipedia, United States Department of Justice, tidigare version.

Noter

Externa länkar

Media som används på denna webbplats

Seal of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.svg

The seal of the United States en:Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives after it moved to the U.S. Department of Justice from the U.S. Treasury Department in 2003.

On the Escutcheon or shield – the sign of a defender – is a Chief of Sanguine (deep red), which indicates the bearer of the shield (Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives), through its achievements, has authority and wisdom. The sanguine color of the Chief represents a patient victor, one not hasty in battle. Also represented in the middle of the shield is a Chevron of Azure. This Chevron denotes protection and service, and the azure color represents strength and loyalty. Combined, they indicate ATF’s strength, loyalty, service and protection to Justice, depicted by the Scales of Justice below the Chevron. The Chevron of Azure also represents the past relationship between ATF and the Department of the Treasury.

The Escutcheon stands on a field of deeper blue representing vigilance, perseverance and justice and is surrounded by a Laurel of Or (gold), symbolic of victory, and crowned by three Mullets, or stars, of Or.

Around the Seal is the name of the Bureau, and at the base, the year 1972, when the Bureau was founded. The Seal is contained within a corded edge.

The Mullets and the corded edge encasing the full seal are elements drawn from the Department of Justice seal and represent the new inclusion of ATF within DOJ.

The Seal, as described above, was carefully designed to represent the Bureau’s dedication to and accomplishments in achieving patient victory in defense of Justice, as well as the interrelationship between ATF, The Department of the Treasury and The Department of Justice.
US Marshal Badge.png
United States Marshal Silver Badge
Seal of the United States Drug Enforcement Administration.svg
Seal of the United States Drug Enforcement Administration
Seal of the United States Department of Justice.svg

Seal of the United States Department of Justice.

The origins of the seal are unknown; it was first used in the 19th century as the seal for the Office of the Attorney General (prior to the formation of the Department of Justice) but the exact date is unknown. Even the translation of the Latin motto is murky, a matter of debate between Latin scholars. The Department's currently accepted translation is who prosecutes on behalf of Lady Justice, referring to the Attorney General. The motto is an allusion to the wording of the writ in a qui tam action: qui tam pro domino rege quam pro se ipso sequitur ("he who sues on behalf of our lord the King as well as for himself." The current-day seal dates from 1934, when some (though not all) of the heraldic mistakes on the original were corrected. More information here.
Seal of the United States Marshals Service.svg
United States Marshal Service Seal