USA:s första dam

USA:s första dam
ResidensVita huset
SäteWashington D.C.
Förste innehavareMartha Washington
Inrättat30 april 1789
Webbplatswhitehouse.gov/firstlady

USA:s första dam (First Lady of the United States, FLOTUS) är den inofficiella titeln för Vita husets värdinna och USA:s presidents maka. Om en presidentfru saknas (till exempel om presidenten är ogift eller änkling) kan det även vara en annan kvinna. Mary McElroy och Rose Cleveland var exempelvis systrar till presidenterna Chester A. Arthur respektive Grover Cleveland och Angelica Van Buren var Martin Van Burens svärdotter.

Trots att det rör sig om en hederstitel utan egen position i USA:s konstitution har flera första damer kommit att spela en avgörande roll för USA:s styre. Edith Wilson, president Woodrow Wilsons andra fru, kom efter makens slaganfall i oktober 1919 att spela en ledande roll i Wilsonadministrationens dagliga affärer under återstoden av mandatperioden fram till 1921, eftersom vicepresidenten Thomas R. Marshall aldrig formellt övertog presidentens uppgifter.

Hillary Clinton, fru till Bill Clinton, brukar tillsammans med Eleanor Roosevelt betraktas som den mest öppet mäktiga första damen i USA:s historia.[1] Clinton spelade en central roll i politiska frågor och 1993 ledde hon till exempel en arbetsgrupp för sjukvårdsreform.[2] När Clinton kandiderade i senatsvalet 2000 blev hon även den första och hittills enda bland USA:s första damer som kandiderat i ett politiskt val.[2]

USA:s nuvarande första dam är sedan 2025 Melania Trump, fru till Donald Trump.

Lista över USA:s första damer

NrBildNamnPeriodPresident
1Martha Washington1789–1797George Washington
2Abigail Adams1797–1801John Adams
3Martha Jefferson Randolph1801–1809Thomas Jefferson
4Dolley Madison1809–1817James Madison
5Elizabeth Monroe1817–1825James Monroe
6Louisa Adams1825–1829John Quincy Adams
7Emily Donelson1829–1834Andrew Jackson
8Sarah Jackson1834–1837Andrew Jackson
9Angelica Van Buren1838–1841Martin Van Buren
10Anna Harrison1841–1841William Henry Harrison
11Letitia Tyler1841–1842John Tyler
12Priscilla Tyler1842–1844John Tyler
13Julia Tyler1844–1845John Tyler
14Sarah Polk1845–1849James Polk
15Margaret Taylor1849–1850Zachary Taylor
16Abigail Fillmore1850–1853Millard Fillmore
17Jane Pierce1853–1857Franklin Pierce
18Harriet Lane1857–1861James Buchanan
19Mary Todd Lincoln1861–1865Abraham Lincoln
20Eliza Johnson1865–1869Andrew Johnson
21Julia Grant1869–1877Ulysses Grant
22Lucy Hayes1877–1881Rutherford B. Hayes
23Lucretia Garfield1881–1881James Garfield
24Mary McElroy1881–1885Chester Arthur
25Rose Cleveland1885–1886Grover Cleveland
26Frances Cleveland1893–1897Grover Cleveland
27Ida McKinley1897–1901William McKinley
28Edith Roosevelt1901–1909Theodore Roosevelt
29Helen Taft1909–1913William Taft
30Ellen Wilson1913–1914Woodrow Wilson
31Margaret Wilson1914–1915Woodrow Wilson
32Edith Wilson1915–1921Woodrow Wilson
33Florence Harding1921–1923Warren Harding
34Grace Coolidge1923–1929Calvin Coolidge
35Lou Hoover1929–1933Herbert Hoover
36Eleanor Roosevelt1933–1945Franklin D. Roosevelt
37Bess Truman1945–1953Harry Truman
38Mamie Eisenhower1953–1961Dwight Eisenhower
39Jackie Kennedy1961–1963John F. Kennedy
40Lady Bird Johnson1963–1969Lyndon B. Johnson
41Pat Nixon1969–1974Richard Nixon
42Betty Ford1974–1977Gerald Ford
43Rosalynn Carter1977–1981Jimmy Carter
44Nancy Reagan1981–1989Ronald Reagan
45Barbara Bush1989–1993George H.W. Bush
46Hillary Clinton1993–2001Bill Clinton
47Laura Bush2001–2009George W. Bush
48Michelle Obama2009–2017Barack Obama
49Melania Trump2017–2021Donald Trump
50Jill Biden2021–2025Joe Biden
51Melania Trump2025–Donald Trump

Se även

Referenser

  1. ^ "People | First Lady President? - Hillary Clinton" Arkiverad 18 november 2005 hämtat från the Wayback Machine.. Läst 23 april 2017. (engelska)
  2. ^ [a b] ”Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (1947–)”. The Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture. http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=2744. Läst 22 april 2017.  (engelska)

Externa länkar

Media som används på denna webbplats

Coat of arms of the President of the United States.svg
The coat of arms of the President of the United States, as described in Executive Order 10860.
Florence Kling Harding-01.jpg
Florence Kling Harding.
Betty Ford.gif
Betty Ford, former First Lady of the United States.
Barbara Bush 1991.jpg
First Lady Barbara Bush in 1991
Elizabeth Priscilla Cooper Tyler.jpg
Elizabeth Priscilla Cooper Tyler, First Lady of the United States from 1842 to 1844, during the presidential tenure of her father-in-law, President John Tyler
Letitia Tyler2.jpg
Oil portrait of Letitia Tyler (1790 - 1842), first wife of John Tyler, by an unknown artist; 42” x 36”
Laura Bush portrait.jpg
Laura Bush, First Lady of the United States from October 2005. White House photo by Krisanne Johnson.
Melania Trump Official Portrait.jpg
Författare/Upphovsman: Regine Mahaux , Licens: CC BY 3.0 us
Official portrait of First Lady Melania Trump from the White House
Margaret Taylor.jpg
Portrait of Margaret "Peggy" Taylor.
Lucy Webb Hayes I.jpg
Mrs. Rutherford B. Hayes, head-and-shoulders portrait, facing right
Julia Grant - Brady-Handy.jpg
Julia Grant. Library of Congress description: "Grant, Mrs. U.S. (Julia Dent)"
Mary Todd Lincoln2crop.jpg
Mary Ann (née Todd) Lincoln (December 13, 1818 – July 16, 1882)
Mrs Kennedy in the Diplomatic Reception Room cropped.jpg
Mrs. Kennedy in the Diplomatic Reception Room, 05 December 1961 White House, Diplomatic Reception Room
Sarah Polk.jpg
First Lady Sarah Polk
Nancy Reagan.jpg
Official White House photograph of Nancy Reagan, wife to then-President of the United States Ronald Reagan.
Sarah Yorke Jackson (1).jpg
Sarah Yorke Jackson, first lady of the United States from 1834 to 1837, during the presidential tenure of her father-in-law, President Andrew Jackson. The painting was created around 1833 by Ralph Eleaser Whiteside Earl and completed around 1921 by Mayna Treanor Avent.
ISMcKinley.jpg
First Lady of the U.S. Ida Saxton McKinley.
Lucretia Garfield - Brady-Handy.jpg
Lucretia Garfield. Library of Congress description: "Garfield, Mrs. James, wife of President Garfield"
Rose Carter, official color photo, 1977-cropped.jpg
Rosalynn Carter, former First Lady of the United States. "Rose Carter" (sic)
Margaret Woodrow Wilson 1912.jpg
Daughter of US President Woodrow Wilson, Margaret Woodrow Wilson (1886-1944)
Frances Folsom Cleveland.jpg
Frances Folsom Cleveland
Martha Jefferson Randolph portrait.jpg
Portrait of Jefferson's daughter, Martha Jefferson Randolph.
Jane Pierce portrait.jpg
Mrs. Franklin Pierce, head-and-shoulders portrait, facing left
Lady Bird Johnson, photo portrait, standing at rear of White House, color, crop.jpg
Photo portrait of First Lady Lady Bird Johnson in the back yard of the White House, cropped to use in article
Harriet Lane.jpg
Harriet Lane, Niece of US President James Buchanan
Grace Coolidge 1924.jpg
First Lady of the United States, Grace Coolidge (1879-1957)
Jill Biden official portrait 2.jpg
Official portrait of the Second Lady of the United States Jill Biden.
Bess Truman cropped.jpg
First Lady Bess Truman
Emily Donelson.jpg
Portrait of Emily Donelson by Ralph Eleaser Whiteside Earl.
PatNixon.jpg
Författare/Upphovsman: OkändUnknown author, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of First Lady Pat Nixon
Abigail Fillmore.jpg
Abigail Fillmore. Reproduction of late 19th century engraving.
Eleanor Roosevelt portrait 1933.jpg
Anna Eleanor Roosevelt, head-and-shoulders portrait, facing slightly right.
Edith Wilson cropped 2.jpg

Title

   Portrait photograph of Mrs. Woodrow Wilson

Contributor Names

   Genthe, Arnold, 1869-1942, photographer 

Created / Published

   between 1915 and 1942; from a negative taken 1915 Feb. 16.

Subject Headings

   -  Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt,--1869-1942. 

Format Headings

   Lantern slides. 
   Portrait photographs. 

Notes

   -  Title devised. 
   -  Purchase; Genthe Estate; 1942 or 1943. 
   -  ID: LC-G412-0932 (several images); 1915 Feb. 16 

Medium

   1 slide : lantern ; 4 x 5 in. or smaller. 

Call Number/Physical Location

LC-G4085- 0414 [P&P]
ELWilson.jpg
Ellen Louise Wilson, slightly cropped & resized
Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt 1900-1910.jpg
Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt, 2nd wife of Theodore Roosevelt
Dolley Madison.jpg
Dolley Madison, 1804, by Gilbert Stuart.