Oslo Hospital

Oslo Hospital
Oslo Hospital sett från väster med Gråsteinsbyggnaden till vänster och "Damehjemmet" till höger
Oslo Hospital sett från väster med Gråsteinsbyggnaden till vänster och "Damehjemmet" till höger
PlatsEkebergveien 1. Gamlebyen, Oslo, Norge
TypSjukhus
Färdigställd1200- eller 1300-talet
ByggherreUrsprungligen Franciskanorden
Oslo Hospital sett från nordost
Geitabru och Oslo Hospital, målning av Jacob Koninck den yngre 1699

Oslo Hospital i Gamlebyen i Oslo var Norges äldsta psykiatriska sjukhus tills det lades ned våren 2018. Oslo Hospital omfattar ett större komplex av äldre och yngre bevarandevärda byggnader, bland andra Norges äldsta sjukhusbyggnad Gråsteinsbygningen och församlingskyrkan Gamlebyen kirke, tidigare känd som Oslo hospitals kirke. Egendomen är på 10 300 kvadratmeter och har gräns mot Ekebergveien i norr, Konows gate i söder, Oslo gate i väster och bostadsområdet Klosterhagen i öster.

Historik

Dagens byggnader är till del uppförda på ruinerna av det gamla Franciskanklostret i Oslo, som grundades omkring 1290 på inbjudan av dåvarande hertigen, sedermera kungen Håkon Magnusson. Franciskanklostret i Oslo hade tidigt byggnader i natursten och tegelsten på sydöstra sidan av Alnaelva och var direkt anknutet till stadens centrum med medelåldersbron Geitabru.

Sjukhusdriften påbörjades av franciskanerna. Gråbrödramunkarna drev ett målinriktat omsorgsarbete för spetälskepatienter och andra av stadens mest utsatta. Vid reformationen blev klostret och omsorgsarbetet lagt under den danska kungen. År 1538 grundades ett slags ålderdoms- och sjukhem. Efter stadsbranden 1567 uppfördes en ny byggnad 1581. År 1737 uppfördes Gråsteinsbygningen i flera sorts sten från den komplexa geologiska Ekebergförkastningen, bland annat kalksten, lerskiffer och gnejs.

Från 1736, då Birthe Jonsdatter benådades av kungen i Köpenhamn för dråpet av sitt nyfödda barn, har sjukhuset varit ett psykiatriskt sjukhus. År 1777 uppfördes det så kallade "Dollhus för svagsinta". Detta revs 1938, varefter nuvarande byggnad uppfördes, ritad av Wilhelm Krause Essendrop. Sjukhusdriften övertogs 1997 av Oslo Hospital Psykiatrisk Sykehus AS, som är ett aktiebolag. År 2010 köpte Lovisenberg Diakonale Sykehus detta bolag.[1]

Sjukhuset lades ned våren 2018. Stiftelsen Oslo Hospital väckte 2019 planer på ett "Kirkens Hus" på området.

Oslo hospital är ett byggnadsminne.[2]

Referenser

  • Denna artikel är baserad på artikeln Oslo Hospital på norskspråkiga Wikipedia (bokmål).

Noter

Externa länkar

Media som används på denna webbplats

City of Christiania (JW Edy plate 49).jpg
No. XLIX. CITY OF CHRISTIANIA.

This view was taken from a position recommended by the late honourable Bernard Anker, on the side of a mountain called Egeberg, from whence the city of Christiania, and its noble background of mountains, are seen to the greatest advantage, on which account the spot is the pride of the inhabitants, and the admiration of foreigners. At the bottom of the hill on the right, are some remains of the old city of Opsloe, which was burnt in the year 1624. The buildings on the left, are Opsloe Kirke, and a lunatic hospital. A new road winds on to the right, between some good houses and the ancient palace belonging to the bishops of this see, a high gothic building, with red tiles, seen on the right margin of the picture. This edifice was the residence of the kings and princes of Denmark, in their visits to the city. Across the bay, on the gentle declivity of the hills, is situated the new city, denominated Christiania. Its principal object on the left is the ancient garrison, called Aggerhus, with its fortifications and walls, projected on a rocky peninsula, at the extremity of the city ; to the right are observed the red warehouses, wharfs, and ships in the harbour, up to the custom house ; in succession are seen the hospitable quadrangular mansion, and garden of the Ankers ; the cathedral church, the museum, hospitais, schools, prison, &c. &c Situated on a middle hill, is seen the ancient church called Aggers, and at a greater elevation near the margin, is Ulivold, the seat of John Collett, Esq. Numerous villas are interspersed among the high grounds, as far as Bogstad, which is situated at the feet of the distant hills, nearly over the great church. In the vale below Aggers, is the botanic garden, and not far distant from it, is the site of the new Royal University, now erecting, with residences for nineteen professors, and two lecturers. Parallel with the town, is a long slip of land, from the bridge to below the custom house, having the river on one side, and the bay on the other; on it are the extensive timber and deal-yards, covered rope-yards, places for careening ships, great cranes for putting in their masts, &c. &c. The ships proceed to and from sea, under the walls of the garrison, in the deep water. The other part of this spacious bay, between Christiania and Opsloe, is navigable for boats only, being choaked up with the saw-dust perpetually descending into it from the numerous saw-mills up the river, although a machine is continually at work to remove it.

The new road from the city on the foreground, winds up over Egeberg, and leads on to Mos, Frederickstad, Swinesund, and Sweden. The approach to Christiania on this side, is over the summit of the mountain, where on emerging from a forest, the traveller obtains his first view of the city, spread out before him in its whole extent, and producing with its beautiful and magnificent scenery, a grand and most picturesque effect. The prospect is pronounced by tourists, to be unequalled in Europe. The supreme governor of Norway, resides in this town, and the high court of justice is held here. Christiania is also the seat of the primate bishop, who with three others, exercises the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of all Norway. The garrison, under the superintendance of a commandant, has its hospital and school. There is another hospital for the town. The trade is often very considerable, and there is an abundant supply of all sorts of game, provisions, and foreign delicacies. The inhabitants are hospitable and friendly ; scarcely a traveller enters it, without receiving invitations from the opulent, to their public tables.


This picture is also at display in the "Christiana" series at Norwegian Maritime Museum, Oslo, Norway (with somewhat richer colours).
Oslohosp3.JPG
Författare/Upphovsman: PaulVIF, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Oslo hospital in Oslo