Olympiska vinterspelen 1998
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| Olympiska vinterspelen 1998 | |
 | |
| Grenar | 72 grenar i 15 sporter |
|---|---|
| Deltagare | |
| Nationer | 72 |
| Aktiva | 2 176 |
| Män | 1 389 |
| Kvinnor | 787 |
| Värdskap | |
| Land |  Japan |
| Ort | Nagano |
| Arena | Nagano Olympic Stadium |
| Invigning | 7 februari 1998 |
| Spelen öppnades av | Akihito (Japans kejsare) |
| Läste deltagarnas ed | Kenji Ogiwara |
| Läste funktionärernas ed | Junko Hiramatsu |
| Elden tändes av | Midori Ito |
| Avslutning | 22 februari 1998 |
Olympiska vinterspelen 1998 var de artonde (XVIII) olympiska vinterspelen, som hölls i Nagano i Japan. Detta var första gången på 26 år som ett vinterspel hölls i Asien, efter 1972 års spel i Sapporo (även det i Japan).
Spelen fick en del problem, vädret var väldigt varierande, med snö, regn och dimma. Detta gjorde att den alpina skidåkningen fick många problem. Herrarnas störtlopp fick skjutas upp fyra gånger. Under spelens andra vecka fanns det oro att alpina skidåkningen inte skulle hinna slutföras före avslutningsceremonin. Ett av åken i bob fick också förflyttas.
Ett antal nya grenar gjorde debut under spelen, med damernas ishockey i spetsen, som USA vann med en mild skräll över favoriterna Kanada. Snowbord var en OS-sport för första gången med grenarna halfpipe och storslalom. I herrarnas storslalom diskvalificerades vinnande Ross Rebagliati, Kanada, två dagar efter vinsten för att hans dopingtest hade varit positivt för marijuana. Men efter en protest från Kanadas olympiska kommitté fick han behålla guldmedaljen. Curling var för första gången en medalj-sport.
Kandidatur
Andra kandidater var; Aosta, Jaca, Östersund, Salt Lake City. Arrangörsstaden valdes i Birmingham den 15 juni 1991 på IOK:s nittiosjunde kongress. Nagano vann över Salt Lake City med enbart fyra röster. En anledning till valet av Nagano kan ha varit att amerikanska Atlanta hade anordnat olympiska sommarspelen 1996.
| Omröstningsresultat | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stad | Nation | Rond 1 | Rond 2 | Rond 3 | Rond 4 | Rond 5 |
| Nagano | Japan | 21 | - | 30 | 36 | 46 |
| Salt Lake City |  USA | 15 | 59 | 27 | 29 | 42 |
| Östersund |  Sverige | 18 | - | 25 | 23 | - |
| Jaca |  Spanien | 19 | - | 5 | - | - |
| Aosta |  Italien | 15 | 29 | - | - | - |
Emblem
Spelens emblem var en blomma, där varje blomblad var en idrottare som utövade en vintersport. Den kan också ses som en symbolisk snöflinga för de olympiska vinterspelen. Blomman kan också associera till en bergsblomma, som markerar Naganos engagemang för miljön. Blomman kallades således för snöblomma.
Medaljen
För att förmedla lokala särdrag hade medaljerna skapats i lack (Kiso lack). Dekorationen är en präglad förgyllning (eller Maki-e), med så kallade shippoyaki (dvs. cloisonné-teknik) och metallarbete med stor precision. Framsidan är den uppgående solen i Maki-e, omgiven av olivkvistar och tillsammans med emblemet i cloisonné. De lackerade delarna gjordes individuellt av konstnärer från Kiso-regionen. Medaljerna hade en diameter på 80 mm med en tjocklek på 9,7 mm och guldmedalj vägde 256g, silvermedaljen 250g och bronsmedaljen 230 g.
Noterbart
- Tara Lipinski vann som 15-åring damernas konståkning, och blev den yngsta att ta en individuell medalj i ett olympiskt vinterspel.
- Danmark tog sin första och hittills enda OS-medalj genom att ta ett silver i curling
- USA tog den första guldmedaljen i damernas turnering i ishockey.
- Bjørn Dæhlie, Norge, vann fyra medaljer i längdskidåkning varav tre var guld.
- Snowboard gjorde debut som officiell sport.
- National Hockey League (NHL) gjorde för första gången uppehåll för att spelarna skulle kunna delta i olympiska spelen.
Sporter
Deltagande nationer
Amerikanska Jungfruöarna (7)
Andorra (2)
Argentina (3)
Armenien (1)
Australien (23)
Azerbajdzjan (4)
Belgien (1)
Bermuda (1)
Bosnien och Hercegovina (8)
Brasilien (1)
Bulgarien (19)
Chile (3)
Cypern (3)
Danmark (12)
Estland (20)
Finland (85)
Frankrike (107)
Georgien (4)
Grekland (6)
Indien (1)
Iran (1)
Irland (6)
Island (7)
Israel (3)
Italien (112)
Jamaica (6)
Japan (156)
Jugoslavien (2)
Kanada (144)
Kazakstan (60)
Kenya (1)
Kina (55)
Kinesiska Taipei (7)
Kroatien (6)
Kirgizistan (1)
Lettland (29)
Liechtenstein (8)
Litauen (7)
Luxemburg (1)
Makedonien (3)
Moldavien (2)
Monaco (4)
Mongoliet (1)
Nederländerna (22)
Nordkorea (8)
Norge (76)
Nya Zeeland (8)
Polen (39)
Puerto Rico (6)
Portugal (2)
Rumänien (16)
Ryssland (122)
Schweiz (69)
Slovenien (34)
Slovakien (37)
Spanien (13)
Sydkorea (37)
Storbritannien (34)
Sverige (99)
Sydafrika (2)
Tjeckien (60)
Turkiet (1)
Tyskland (125)
Trinidad och Tobago (2)
Ukraina (56)
Ungern (17)
Uruguay (1)
USA (156)
Uzbekistan (4)
Venezuela (1)
Belarus (59)
Österrike (96)
Medaljfördelning
Värdnation (Japan)
| Pl. | Nation | Guld | Silver | Brons | Totalt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Tyskland | 12 | 9 | 8 | 29 |
| 2 |  Norge | 10 | 10 | 5 | 25 |
| 3 |  Ryssland | 9 | 6 | 3 | 18 |
| 4 |  Kanada | 6 | 5 | 4 | 15 |
| 5 | USA | 6 | 3 | 4 | 13 |
| 6 |  Nederländerna | 5 | 4 | 2 | 11 |
| 7 | Japan | 5 | 1 | 4 | 10 |
| 8 |  Österrike | 3 | 5 | 9 | 17 |
| 9 |  Sydkorea | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 |
| 10 | Italien | 2 | 6 | 2 | 10 |
Se även
Externa länkar
- Olympiska rörelsen
- Officiell rapport
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Olympic flag.svg
Olympic Movement flag
Olympic Movement flag
Proportions 2:3, created 1913, adopted 1914, first used 1920.
- Colors as per http://fairspielen.de/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Annexe-3-Olympism_and_the_Olympic_Symbol_-_Principles_and_Usages_Guide-1.pdf
- blue: PMS 3005C
- yellow: PMS 137C
- black: PMS 426C
- green: PMS 355C
- red: PMS 192C
- Dimensions of the rings taken from http://fairspielen.de/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Annexe-3-Olympism_and_the_Olympic_Symbol_-_Principles_and_Usages_Guide-1.pdf
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Författare/Upphovsman: Tkgd2007, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
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Författare/Upphovsman: Tkgd2007, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
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Pictograms of Olympic sports - Alpine skiing
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Alpine skiing
Ski jumping pictogram.svg
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Ski jumping
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Ski jumping
Bobsleigh pictogram.svg
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Bobsleigh
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Bobsleigh
Curling pictogram.svg
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Curling
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Curling
Freestyle skiing pictogram.svg
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Freestyle skiing
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Freestyle skiing
Speed skating pictogram.svg
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Speed Skating
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Speed Skating
Ice hockey pictogram.svg
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Ice hockey
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Ice hockey
Figure skating pictogram.svg
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Figure skating
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Figure skating
Cross country skiing pictogram.svg
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Cross country skiing
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Cross country skiing
Nordic combined pictogram.svg
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Nordic combined
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Nordic combined
Luge pictogram.svg
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Luge
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Luge
Short track speed skating pictogram.svg
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Short track speed skating
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Short track speed skating
Biathlon pictogram.svg
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Biathlon
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Biathlon
Snowboarding pictogram.svg
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Snowboarding
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Snowboarding
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The civil ensign and flag of Belgium. It is identical to Image:Flag of Belgium.svg except that it has a 2:3 ratio, instead of 13:15.
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Flag of Georgia used from 1990 to 2004, with slightly different proportions than the 1918 to 1921 flag.
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Flag of Iran. The tricolor flag was introduced in 1906, but after the Islamic Revolution of 1979 the Arabic words 'Allahu akbar' ('God is great'), written in the Kufic script of the Qur'an and repeated 22 times, were added to the red and green strips where they border the white central strip and in the middle is the emblem of Iran (which is a stylized Persian alphabet of the Arabic word Allah ("God")).
The official ISIRI standard (translation at FotW) gives two slightly different methods of construction for the flag: a compass-and-straightedge construction used for File:Flag of Iran (official).svg, and a "simplified" construction sheet with rational numbers used for this file.
Flag of Iran. The tricolor flag was introduced in 1906, but after the Islamic Revolution of 1979 the Arabic words 'Allahu akbar' ('God is great'), written in the Kufic script of the Qur'an and repeated 22 times, were added to the red and green strips where they border the white central strip and in the middle is the emblem of Iran (which is a stylized Persian alphabet of the Arabic word Allah ("God")).
The official ISIRI standard (translation at FotW) gives two slightly different methods of construction for the flag: a compass-and-straightedge construction used for File:Flag of Iran (official).svg, and a "simplified" construction sheet with rational numbers used for this file.
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Flag of Israel. Shows a Magen David (“Shield of David”) between two stripes. The Shield of David is a traditional Jewish symbol. The stripes symbolize a Jewish prayer shawl (tallit).
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Flag of Jamaica. “The sunshine, the land is green, and the people are strong and bold” is the symbolism of the colours of the flag. GOLD represents the natural wealth and beauty of sunlight; GREEN represents hope and agricultural resources; BLACK represents the strength and creativity of the people. The original symbolism, however, was "Hardships there are, but the land is green, and the sun shineth", where BLACK represented the hardships being faced.
Flag of Jamaica. “The sunshine, the land is green, and the people are strong and bold” is the symbolism of the colours of the flag. GOLD represents the natural wealth and beauty of sunlight; GREEN represents hope and agricultural resources; BLACK represents the strength and creativity of the people. The original symbolism, however, was "Hardships there are, but the land is green, and the sun shineth", where BLACK represented the hardships being faced.
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Variant version of a flag of Japan, used between January 27, 1870 and August 13, 1999 (aspect ratio 7:10).
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Variant version of a flag of Japan, used between January 27, 1870 and August 13, 1999 (aspect ratio 7:10).
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Flag of Serbia and Montenegro, was adopted on 27 April 1992, as flag of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1992-2003).
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Kanadas flagga, införd 1965; denna version med Pantone‐nyanser. Nuvarande utformning ersatte den tidigare kanadensiska Red Ensign.
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Chinese Taipei Olympic Flag. According to the official website of Chinese Taipei Olympic Committee, Blue Sky(circle) & White Sun(triangles) above the Olympic rings is neither the National Emblem of the Republic of China, nor the Party Emblem of Kuomintang (KMT), but a design in between, where the triangles do not extend to the edge of the blue circle, as registered at International Olympic Committee in 1981 and digitally rendered in 2013. Besides, the blue outline of the five-petaled plum blossom is broader than the red one. Moreover, the CMYK code of the blue one and the Blue Sky & White Sun is "C100-M100-Y0-K0", and different from the Olympic rings (C100-M25-Y0-K0). Note that it's the only version recognized by IOC.
Chinese Taipei Olympic Flag. According to the official website of Chinese Taipei Olympic Committee, Blue Sky(circle) & White Sun(triangles) above the Olympic rings is neither the National Emblem of the Republic of China, nor the Party Emblem of Kuomintang (KMT), but a design in between, where the triangles do not extend to the edge of the blue circle, as registered at International Olympic Committee in 1981 and digitally rendered in 2013. Besides, the blue outline of the five-petaled plum blossom is broader than the red one. Moreover, the CMYK code of the blue one and the Blue Sky & White Sun is "C100-M100-Y0-K0", and different from the Olympic rings (C100-M25-Y0-K0). Note that it's the only version recognized by IOC.
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Olympic Rings without "rims" (gaps between the rings), As used, eg. in the logos of the 2008 and 2016 Olympics. The colour scheme applied here was specified in 2023 guidelines.
Olympic Rings without "rims" (gaps between the rings), As used, eg. in the logos of the 2008 and 2016 Olympics. The colour scheme applied here was specified in 2023 guidelines.
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Olympic Rings without "rims" (gaps between the rings), As used, eg. in the logos of the 2008 and 2016 Olympics. The colour scheme applied here was specified in 2023 guidelines.
Olympic Rings without "rims" (gaps between the rings), As used, eg. in the logos of the 2008 and 2016 Olympics. The colour scheme applied here was specified in 2023 guidelines.
1998 Winter Olympics medals.JPG
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A set of 1998 Winter Olympics medals on display at the Hockey Hall of Fame
Författare/Upphovsman: Scorpion, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
A set of 1998 Winter Olympics medals on display at the Hockey Hall of Fame