Murray Bookchin

Murray Bookchin
	Murray Bookchin
	Murray Bookchin i Burlington
Född	14 januari 1921; New York, USA
Död	30 juli 2006 (85 år); Burlington, Vermont
Nationalitet	USA

Murray Bookchin, född 14 januari 1921 i New York City, New York, död 30 juli 2006 i Burlington, Vermont, var en amerikansk ekoanarkist^[1], aktivist och politisk filosof.

Biografi

Murray Bookchins var son till Nathan Bookchin och Rose Kaluskaya och växte upp i Bronx. Föräldrarna var judiska immigranter från Ryssland. Vid nio års ålder blev han medlem i en pionjärrörelse. Desillusionerad av rörelsens auktoritära natur lämnade han den några år senare. I skolan studerade han Marxism och gick med i Socialist Workers Party. År 1940 började han arbeta i ett gjuteri i Bayonne, New Jersey och engagerade sig i en fackförening.^[2]

Bookchin övergick under 1960-talet till (sin version av) social anarkism, för att under 1990-talet växla över till att bara kalla sig för kommunalist. Bookchin anses ha bidragit till miljörörelsens framväxt med hans Our synthetic Environment (1962). Bookchin förespråkar kommunalism^[3] – direktdemokratiskt konfedererade kommuner^[4], decentralisering, småskalighet och relativt hög grad av självförsörjning^[5]; därmed ligger hans tankegångar nära Peter Kropotkins och Gustav Landauers, med tillägget om ett socialekologiskt samhälle.

Institutet för socialekologi i USA är till stor del en avknoppning från Bookchins kritik av det kapitalistiska och industriella samhället, där utbildningar i socialekologisk hållbarhet erbjuds. Bookchin har även inspirerat en omsvängning inom PKK från Marxism–leninism till det som Abdullah Öcalan kallar "demokratisk konfederalism" som grundas på Bookchins idéer.^[6]

Författarskap

Bookchin, skrev under flera pseudonymer, såsom M.S. Shiloh, Lewis Herber, Robert Keller och Harry Ludd.^[2]

Verklista

Urval av Murray Bookchins böcker:^[7]

1980 – Towards an Ecological Society
1982 – The Ecology of Freedom
1987 – The Rise of Urbanization and the Decline of Citizenship
1993 – Deep ecology & anarchism
1995 – Social anarchism or lifestyle anarchism
1995 – Re-Enchanting Humanity
1998 – The Spanish Anarchists
1999 – Anarchism, Marxism and the Future of the Left
2004 – Post-Scarcity Anarchism
2005 – The Third Revolution
2007 – Social Ecology and Communalism
2015 – The Next Revolution
2017 – The Philosophy of Social Ecology
2017 – Remaking Society
2017 – Urbanisation without cities

Översättningar till svenska

1983 – Ekologi & anarki
2001 – Frihetlig socialistisk politik
2003 – Perspektiv för en ny vänster

Externa länkar

Referenser

Den här artikeln är helt eller delvis baserad på material från tyskspråkiga Wikipedia, 18 december 2019.

Noter

^ Murray Bookchin, Ecology and Revolutionary Thought (1964) An anarchist society should be a decentralized society, not only to establish a lasting basis for the harmonization of man and nature, but also to add new dimensions to the harmonization of man and man.
^ [a b] Bookchin”. Läst 27 februari 2020.
^ Murray Bookchin, What is Communalism?, The Democratic Dimension of Anarchism (2001) I wish to propose that the democratic and potentially practicable dimension of the libertarian goal be expressed as Communalism, a term that, unlike political terms that once stood unequivocally for radical social change, has not been historically sullied by abuse. Even ordinary dictionary definitions of Communalism, I submit, capture to a great degree the vision of a "Commune of communes" that is being lost by current Anglo-American trends that celebrate anarchy variously as "chaos," as a mystical "oneness" with "nature," as self-fulfillment or as "ecstasy," but above all as personalistic.
^ Murray Bookchin, What is Communalism?, The Democratic Dimension of Anarchism (2001) It is important to emphasize that libertarian municipalism--or Communalism, as I have called it here--is a developing outlook, a politics that seeks ultimately to achieve the "Commune of communes." As such, it tries to provide a directly democratic confederal alternative to the state and to a centralized bureaucratic society.
^ Murray Bookchin, Ecology and Revolutionary Thought (1964) A relatively self-sufficient community, visibly dependent on its environment for the means of life, would gain a new respect for the organic interrelationships that sustain it. In the long run, the attempt to approximate self-sufficiency would, I think, prove more efficient than the prevailing system of a national division of labor that prevails today.
^ ”Murray Bookchin and the Kurdish resistance”. ROAR Magazine. https://roarmag.org/essays/bookchin-kurdish-struggle-ocalan-rojava/. Läst 15 februari 2016.
^ ”Bookchin, Murray”. Libris.kb.se. Läst 4 mars 2020.

[1] Murray Bookchin, Ecology and Revolutionary Thought (1964) An anarchist society should be a decentralized society, not only to establish a lasting basis for the harmonization of man and nature, but also to add new dimensions to the harmonization of man and man.

[EB-2] [a b] Bookchin”. Läst 27 februari 2020.

[3] Murray Bookchin, What is Communalism?, The Democratic Dimension of Anarchism (2001) I wish to propose that the democratic and potentially practicable dimension of the libertarian goal be expressed as Communalism, a term that, unlike political terms that once stood unequivocally for radical social change, has not been historically sullied by abuse. Even ordinary dictionary definitions of Communalism, I submit, capture to a great degree the vision of a "Commune of communes" that is being lost by current Anglo-American trends that celebrate anarchy variously as "chaos," as a mystical "oneness" with "nature," as self-fulfillment or as "ecstasy," but above all as personalistic.

[4] Murray Bookchin, What is Communalism?, The Democratic Dimension of Anarchism (2001) It is important to emphasize that libertarian municipalism--or Communalism, as I have called it here--is a developing outlook, a politics that seeks ultimately to achieve the "Commune of communes." As such, it tries to provide a directly democratic confederal alternative to the state and to a centralized bureaucratic society.

[5] Murray Bookchin, Ecology and Revolutionary Thought (1964) A relatively self-sufficient community, visibly dependent on its environment for the means of life, would gain a new respect for the organic interrelationships that sustain it. In the long run, the attempt to approximate self-sufficiency would, I think, prove more efficient than the prevailing system of a national division of labor that prevails today.

[6] ”Murray Bookchin and the Kurdish resistance”. ROAR Magazine. https://roarmag.org/essays/bookchin-kurdish-struggle-ocalan-rojava/. Läst 15 februari 2016.

[7] ”Bookchin, Murray”. Libris.kb.se. Läst 4 mars 2020.

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