Kaliforniens guvernör

Kaliforniens guvernör
	Kaliforniens guvernör
	Guvernörens standar
	(c) Gage Skidmore, CC BY-SA 3.0Nuvarande; Gavin Newsom; sedan 7 januari 2019
Titel	The Honorable
Residens	inget officiellt residens
Säte	Sacramento
Utses av	Folkvald
Mandatperiod	4 år; endast ett omval
Förste innehavare	Peter Hardeman Burnett
Inrättat	1849
Webbplats	www.gov.ca.gov

Kaliforniens guvernör (engelska: Governor of California; spanska: Gobernador de California) är den högste utövaren av verkställande makt i Kaliforniens delstatsstyre. Befattningen är fastställd i delstatens konstitution, är folkvald och tjänstgör en 4-årig mandatperiod, med ett möjligt omval.^[2]^[3]

Guvernörens roll i delstaten motsvarar i stora drag USA:s president i den federala statsmakten. När befattningen är vakant eller då guvernören är oförmögen att utöva ämbetet träder Kaliforniens viceguvernör (engelska: Lieutenant Governor of California) in i rollen.^[3]

Gavin Newsom är Kaliforniens guvernör sedan den 7 januari 2019.

Funktion

Kaliforniens guvernör är det högsta ämbetet i delstatsstyrets verkställande gren, då Kalifornien likt alla delstatsstyren i USA bygger på maktdelning likt USA:s konstitution. Till ämbetet hör en betydande utnämningsmakt till både vakanser för domarbefattningar i samtliga av delstatens domstolar samt till chefsbefattningar för Kaliforniens myndigheter inom den verkställande grenen (som kräver medgivande i Kaliforniens senat).^[4]

I egenskap av delstatens högste företrädare är det guvernören som fungerar som talesperson och förhandlare gentemot den federala statsmakten och andra delstater i USA.^[4]

Guvernören kan lägga in veto mot lagförslag från Kaliforniens delstatslegislatur, både för dessa i sin helhet eller för enskilda poster, s.k. line-item veto.^[4]

Guvernörens är även högste befälhavare för Kaliforniens nationalgarde (när det inte tagits i anspråk för federal tjänstgöring) och ständigt för dess State Guard.^[4]

Val

För att kunna väljas till guvernör krävs amerikanskt medborgarskap och rösträtt samt att vederbörande bosatt i Kalifornien minst 5 fem innan tillträdet.^[3] Guvernören kan enligt förutsättningar som anges i Kalifornierns konstitution avsättas genom revokation (engelska: recall).^[5] Revokation har hittills skett med framgång en gång under 2003 när Arnold Schwarzenegger ersatte Gray Davis som guvernör.^[6]

Andra folkvalda befattningshavare i delstatsstyret

Förutom guvernören är även dessa befattningshavare folkvalda, vilket innebär att guvernören inte kan entlediga någon av dessa. Samtliga väljs vid samma ordinarie tidpunkt som guvernören och under samma mandatperioder.^[3]

Befattning	Beskrivning	chef för	Not
Lieutenant Governor	Kaliforniens viceguvernör	(presiderar även i Kaliforniens senat samt sitter i flera styrelser)	^[3]^[7]^[4]
Attorney General	delstatens justitieminister och chefsåklagare	State of California Department of Justice	^[8]^[3]^[4]
Controller	delstatens controller och revisor	California State Controller’s Office	^[9]^[3]^[4]
Secretary of State	delstatens statssekreterare	California Secretary of State's Office	^[10]^[3]^[4]
Treasurer	delstatens finansminister och skattmästare	California State Treasurer's Office	^[11]^[3]^[4]
Superintendent of Public Instruction	delstatens utbildningsminister	California Department of Education	^[12]^[13]^[4]
Insurance Commissioner	delstatens konsumentskyddsminister	California Department of Insurance	^[14]^[4]

När det uppstår en vakans i något av de folkvalda ämbetena ovan så har guvernören rätt att föreslå en efterträdare som ska godkännas med enkel majoritet av båda kamrarna i Kaliforniens delstatslegislatur, men om någon omröstning inte ägt rum i bägge kamrar inom 90 dagar från guvernörens nominering räknas den ändå som godkänd.^[3]

Lista över Kaliforniens guvernörer

Guvernörer i Kalifornien
Nummer	Namn	Parti	Ämbetsperiod	Not
1.	Peter Hardeman Burnett	Demokrat	1849–1851	^[15]
2.	John McDougall	Demokrat	1851–1852	^[15]
3.	John Bigler	Demokrat	1852–1856	^[15]
4.	J. Neely Johnson	Knownothing	1856–1858	^[15]
5.	John B. Weller	Demokrat	1858–1860	^[15]
6.	Milton Latham	Demokrat (Lecompton)	1860–1860	^[15]
7.	John G. Downey	Demokrat (Lecompton)	1860–1862	^[15]
8.	Leland Stanford	Republikan	1862–1863	^[15]
9.	Frederick Low	Republikan	1863–1867	^[15]
10.	Henry Haight	Demokrat	1867–1871	^[15]
11.	Newton Booth	Republikan	1871–1875	^[15]
12.	Romualdo Pacheco	Republikan	1875–1875	^[15]
13.	William Irwin	Demokrat	1875–1880	^[15]
14.	George Clement Perkins	Republikan	1880–1883	^[15]
15.	George Stoneman	Demokrat	1883–1887	^[15]
16.	Washington Bartlett	Demokrat	1887–1887	^[15]
17.	Robert Waterman	Republikan	1887–1891	^[15]
18.	Henry Markham	Republikan	1891–1895	^[15]
19.	James Budd	Demokrat	1895–1899	^[15]
20.	Henry Gage	Republikan	1899–1903	^[15]
21.	George Pardee	Republikan	1903–1907	^[15]
22.	James Gillett	Republikan	1907–1911	^[15]
23.	Hiram Johnson	Republikan	1911–1917	^[15]
24.	William Stephens	Republikan	1917–1923	^[15]
25.	Friend Richardson	Republikan	1923–1927	^[15]
26.	Clement Calhoun Young	Republikan	1927–1931	^[15]
27.	James Rolph	Republikan	1931–1934	^[15]
28.	Frank Merriam	Republikan	1934–1939	^[15]
29.	Culbert Olson	Demokrat	1939–1943	^[15]
30.	Earl Warren	Republikan	1943–1953	^[15]
31.	Goodwin Knight	Republikan	1953–1959	^[15]
32.	Pat Brown	Demokrat	1959–1967	^[15]
33.	Ronald Reagan	Republikan	1967–1975	^[15]
34.	Jerry Brown	Demokrat	1975–1983	^[15]
35.	George Deukmejian	Republikan	1983–1991	^[15]
36.	Pete Wilson	Republikan	1991–1999	^[15]
37.	Gray Davis	Demokrat	1999–2003	^[15]
38.	Arnold Schwarzenegger	Republikan	2003–2011	^[15]
39.	Jerry Brown	Demokrat	2011–2019	^[15]
40.	Gavin Newsom	Demokrat	7 januari 2019 – inkumbent	^[15]

Se även

Referenser

Den här artikeln är helt eller delvis baserad på material från engelskspråkiga Wikipedia, Governor of California, tidigare version.

Noter

^ ”CHAPTER 2. State Flag and Emblems [420 - 429.9”] (på engelska). leginfo.legislature.ca.gov. California Legislature. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=GOV&sectionNum=429.. Läst 20 december 2021.
^ ”Guide to Law Online: U.S. California Executive” (på engelska). Research Guides. USA:s kongressbibliotek. https://guides.loc.gov/law-us-california/executive. Läst 19 december 2021. ”California's executive branch consists of the governor, lieutenant governor, and the executive agencies. The governor can be elected for two consecutive four-year terms. California's governor is limited to two terms for life.”
^ [a b c d e f g h i j] ”CALIFORNIA CONSTITUTION - ARTICLE V EXECUTIVE [SECTION 1 - SEC. 14”] (på engelska). leginfo.legislature.ca.gov. California Legislature. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CONS&division=&title=&part=&chapter=&article=V. Läst 20 december 2021.
^ [a b c d e f g h i j k] ”Constitutional Officers” (på engelska). California Roster. California Secretary of State. https://admin.cdn.sos.ca.gov/ca-roster/2021/constitutional-officers.pdf. Läst 21 december 2021. ”There are eight statewide Constitutional Officers: Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of State, Attorney General, State Controller, State Treasurer, Insurance Commissioner and State Superintendent of Public Instruction. These officers are all elected at the same time in a General Election and may be re-elected to a maximum of two four-year terms.
In the event of a vacancy in the office of the Governor, the Lieutenant Governor shall become Governor. In the event of a vacancy in both the offices of the Governor and the Lieutenant Governor, the succession order is as follows: first, the last duly elected President Pro Tempore of the Senate; second, the last duly elected Speaker of the Assembly; third, the Secretary of State; fourth, the Attorney General; fifth, the State Treasurer; and lastly, the State Controller.”
^ ”CALIFORNIA CONSTITUTION - ARTICLE II VOTING, INITIATIVE AND REFERENDUM, AND RECALL [SECTION 1 - SEC. 20”] (på engelska). leginfo.legislature.ca.gov. California Legislature. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CONS&division=&title=&part=&chapter=&article=II. Läst 20 december 2021.
^ ”2003 Recall” (på engelska). elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov. California Secretary of State. 2003. https://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/sov/2003-special/sov-complete.pdf. Läst 20 december 2021.
^ ”About the Office of Lt. Governor” (på engelska). ltg.ca.gov. https://ltg.ca.gov/about-the-office-of-lt-governor/. Läst 21 december 2021.
^ ”About the Office of the Attorney General” (på engelska). oag.ca.gov. State of California Department of Justice. https://oag.ca.gov/office. Läst 21 december 2021.
^ ”State Controller’s Functions” (på engelska). www.sco.ca.gov. California State Controller’s Office. https://www.sco.ca.gov/eo_about_func.html. Läst 21 december 2021.
^
”About the Agency” (på engelska). www.sos.ca.gov. California Secretary of State's Office. https://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/about-agency. Läst 21 december 2021. ”The Secretary of State's responsibilities include:
- Serving as the state's Chief Elections Officer
- Implementing electronic filing and Internet disclosure of campaign and lobbyist financial information
- Maintaining business filings
- Commissioning notaries public
- Operating the Safe at Home confidential address program
- Maintaining the Domestic Partners and Advance Health Care Directive Registries
- Safeguarding the State Archives
- Serving as a trustee of the California Museum”
^ ”Responsibilities and Functions” (på engelska). www.treasurer.ca.gov. California State Treasurer's Office. https://www.treasurer.ca.gov/inside/functions.asp. Läst 21 december 2021.
^ ”Organization” (på engelska). www.cde.ca.gov. California Department of Education. https://www.cde.ca.gov/re/di/or/. Läst 21 december 2021.
^ ”CALIFORNIA CONSTITUTION - ARTICLE IX EDUCATION [SECTION 1 - SEC. 16”] (på engelska). leginfo.legislature.ca.gov. California Legislature. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CONS&division=&title=&part=&chapter=&article=IX. Läst 20 december 2021.
^ ”About the Department” (på engelska). www.insurance.ca.gov. California Department of Insurance. https://www.insurance.ca.gov/0500-about-us/02-department/index.cfm. Läst 21 december 2021. ”In 1988, California voters passed Proposition 103, a citizen-led initiative. Proposition 103 expanded CDI's authority as well as changed the Insurance Commissioner from an appointee of the Governor to an independent statewide officer elected by popular vote.”
^ [a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an] ”History of California Constitutional Officeholders” (på engelska). admin.cdn.sos.ca.gov. California Roster 2021. https://admin.cdn.sos.ca.gov/ca-roster/2021/history-of-officers.pdf. Läst 21 december 2021.

Externa länkar

www.gov.ca.gov
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Kaliforniens guvernör.

[1] ”CHAPTER 2. State Flag and Emblems [420 - 429.9”] (på engelska). leginfo.legislature.ca.gov. California Legislature. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=GOV&sectionNum=429.. Läst 20 december 2021.

[2] ”Guide to Law Online: U.S. California Executive” (på engelska). Research Guides. USA:s kongressbibliotek. https://guides.loc.gov/law-us-california/executive. Läst 19 december 2021. ”California's executive branch consists of the governor, lieutenant governor, and the executive agencies. The governor can be elected for two consecutive four-year terms. California's governor is limited to two terms for life.”

[CA_CONSTITUTION_ARTICLE_V_EXECUTIVE-3] [a b c d e f g h i j] ”CALIFORNIA CONSTITUTION - ARTICLE V EXECUTIVE [SECTION 1 - SEC. 14”] (på engelska). leginfo.legislature.ca.gov. California Legislature. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CONS&division=&title=&part=&chapter=&article=V. Läst 20 december 2021.

[Constitutional_Officers-4] [a b c d e f g h i j k] ”Constitutional Officers” (på engelska). California Roster. California Secretary of State. https://admin.cdn.sos.ca.gov/ca-roster/2021/constitutional-officers.pdf. Läst 21 december 2021. ”There are eight statewide Constitutional Officers: Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of State, Attorney General, State Controller, State Treasurer, Insurance Commissioner and State Superintendent of Public Instruction. These officers are all elected at the same time in a General Election and may be re-elected to a maximum of two four-year terms.
In the event of a vacancy in the office of the Governor, the Lieutenant Governor shall become Governor. In the event of a vacancy in both the offices of the Governor and the Lieutenant Governor, the succession order is as follows: first, the last duly elected President Pro Tempore of the Senate; second, the last duly elected Speaker of the Assembly; third, the Secretary of State; fourth, the Attorney General; fifth, the State Treasurer; and lastly, the State Controller.”

[5] ”CALIFORNIA CONSTITUTION - ARTICLE II VOTING, INITIATIVE AND REFERENDUM, AND RECALL [SECTION 1 - SEC. 20”] (på engelska). leginfo.legislature.ca.gov. California Legislature. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CONS&division=&title=&part=&chapter=&article=II. Läst 20 december 2021.

[6] ”2003 Recall” (på engelska). elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov. California Secretary of State. 2003. https://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/sov/2003-special/sov-complete.pdf. Läst 20 december 2021.

[7] ”About the Office of Lt. Governor” (på engelska). ltg.ca.gov. https://ltg.ca.gov/about-the-office-of-lt-governor/. Läst 21 december 2021.

[8] ”About the Office of the Attorney General” (på engelska). oag.ca.gov. State of California Department of Justice. https://oag.ca.gov/office. Läst 21 december 2021.

[9] ”State Controller’s Functions” (på engelska). www.sco.ca.gov. California State Controller’s Office. https://www.sco.ca.gov/eo_about_func.html. Läst 21 december 2021.

[10] ”About the Agency” (på engelska). www.sos.ca.gov. California Secretary of State's Office. https://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/about-agency. Läst 21 december 2021. ”The Secretary of State's responsibilities include:
Serving as the state's Chief Elections Officer
Implementing electronic filing and Internet disclosure of campaign and lobbyist financial information
Maintaining business filings
Commissioning notaries public
Operating the Safe at Home confidential address program
Maintaining the Domestic Partners and Advance Health Care Directive Registries
Safeguarding the State Archives
Serving as a trustee of the California Museum”

[11] Serving as the state's Chief Elections Officer

[12] Implementing electronic filing and Internet disclosure of campaign and lobbyist financial information

[13] Maintaining business filings

[14] Commissioning notaries public

[15] Operating the Safe at Home confidential address program

[16] Maintaining the Domestic Partners and Advance Health Care Directive Registries

[17] Safeguarding the State Archives

[18] Serving as a trustee of the California Museum”

[11] ”Responsibilities and Functions” (på engelska). www.treasurer.ca.gov. California State Treasurer's Office. https://www.treasurer.ca.gov/inside/functions.asp. Läst 21 december 2021.

[12] ”Organization” (på engelska). www.cde.ca.gov. California Department of Education. https://www.cde.ca.gov/re/di/or/. Läst 21 december 2021.

[13] ”CALIFORNIA CONSTITUTION - ARTICLE IX EDUCATION [SECTION 1 - SEC. 16”] (på engelska). leginfo.legislature.ca.gov. California Legislature. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CONS&division=&title=&part=&chapter=&article=IX. Läst 20 december 2021.

[14] ”About the Department” (på engelska). www.insurance.ca.gov. California Department of Insurance. https://www.insurance.ca.gov/0500-about-us/02-department/index.cfm. Läst 21 december 2021. ”In 1988, California voters passed Proposition 103, a citizen-led initiative. Proposition 103 expanded CDI's authority as well as changed the Insurance Commissioner from an appointee of the Governor to an independent statewide officer elected by popular vote.”

[History_of_California_Constitutional_Officeholders-15] [a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an] ”History of California Constitutional Officeholders” (på engelska). admin.cdn.sos.ca.gov. California Roster 2021. https://admin.cdn.sos.ca.gov/ca-roster/2021/history-of-officers.pdf. Läst 21 december 2021.

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