Heinz Kessler
| Heinz Keßler | |
 (c) Bundesarchiv, Bild 183-1988-0704-410 / CC-BY-SA 3.0 Heinz Kessler år 1988. | |
| Information | |
|---|---|
| Född | 26 januari 1920 Lauban, Niederschlesien,  Tyskland |
| Död | 2 maj 2017 (97 år) Berlin, Tyskland |
| I tjänst för |  Östtyskland |
| Tjänstetid | 1950–1990 |
| Grad |  General |
| Befäl |  Nationale Volksarmee |
| Utmärkelser | 
 |
| Övrigt | Östtysklands försvarsminister 1985–1989 |
Heinz Kessler (tysk stavning: Heinz Keßler), född 26 januari 1920 i Lauban, Niederschlesien, Tyskland död 2 maj 2017[1] i Berlin, var en östtysk kommunistisk politiker och militär, som 1967–1990 var överbefälhavare för den östtyska armén samt landets försvarsminister 1985–1989. Hans militärkarriär började i Wehrmacht 1940.
Kort efter Tysklands återförening 1990 åtalades Kessler för mord på de personer som dödades då de försökte fly från Östtyskland mellan 1971 och 1989. I september 1993 dömdes han till sju och ett halvt års fängelse för dråp.[2] Kessler överklagade förgäves till Europadomstolen och var internerad i fängelset i Berlin-Hakenfelde från november 1996 till oktober 1998, då han frisläpptes i förtid.[3]
Kessler levde efter fängelsestraffet ett tillbakadraget liv i Berlin. Han försvarade det gamla Östtyskland och var medlem i det tyska kommunistpartiet DKP. Kessler sade, att han trodde på ett återskapande av Östtyskland och på en slutgiltig seger för kommunismen.
Referenser
Noter
- ^ ”Former East German Defense Minister Heinz Kessler dies at 97”. The Washington Post. 4 maj 2017. Arkiverad från originalet den 4 maj 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170504112240/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/former-east-german-defense-minister-heinz-kessler-dies-at-97/2017/05/04/dcd3320a-30a4-11e7-a335-fa0ae1940305_story.html. Läst 4 maj 2017.
- ^ Larsson, Mats (13 augusti 2011). ”Murens arkitekt vägrar be om ursäkt”. Expressen. http://www.expressen.se/nyheter/dokument/murens-arkitekt-vagrar-be-om-ursakt/. Läst 4 maj 2017.
- ^ ”Keßler, Heinz (*26.1.1920)”. FDGB-Lexikon. http://library.fes.de/FDGB-Lexikon/texte/biographien/k/Ke%DFler,_Heinz.html. Läst 4 maj 2017.
Tryckta källor
- Müller-Enbergs Helmut, red (2000) (på tyska). Wer war Wer in der DDR?: ein biographisches Lexikon (Sonderausg. für die Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung Bonn). Berlin: Links. Libris 9447789. ISBN 3-89331-397-4
Externa länkar
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Order gpw1 rib.png
Soviet Ribbon bar Order Of The Patriotic War (1st Class)
Soviet Ribbon bar Order Of The Patriotic War (1st Class)
GDR Order of Banner of Labor 1Class BAR.png
Order of Banner of Labor - 1st Class
Order of Banner of Labor - 1st Class
GDR Meritorious Member of National People's Army BAR.png
Honorary title: "Meritorious Member of National People's Army"
Honorary title: "Meritorious Member of National People's Army"
GDR Combat-Order for Merit for the Nation and Fatherland - Gold BAR.png
GDR Combat order "Of Merit for the Nation and Fatherland" (three classes), here ribbon bar - Gold.
GDR Combat order "Of Merit for the Nation and Fatherland" (three classes), here ribbon bar - Gold.
GDR Medal for Exemplary Border Service BAR.png
Award of the GDR until 1990. "Medal for Exemplary Border Service" of the GDR Border Troops – ribbon bar.
Award of the GDR until 1990. "Medal for Exemplary Border Service" of the GDR Border Troops – ribbon bar.
30 years of victory rib.png
Ribbon bar for the Soviet Award "30 Years of Victory"
Source: Drawn by User:Zscout370.svg)
Flag of the German Empire.svg
Flag of the Germans(1866-1871)
Flag of the Germans(1866-1871)
50 years saf rib.png
Ribbon bar for Soviet medal "50th Anniversary of the Soviet Armed Forces"
Source: Drawn by User:Zscout370
GDR Decoration of German Police BAR.png
Badge of honor of the People's Police
Badge of honor of the People's Police
40 years of victory rib.png
Ribbon bar for the Soviet medal "40 Years of Victory"
Source: Drawn by User:Zscout370
GDR Medal for Fighters against Fascism BAR.png
Medal for Fighters against Fascism
Medal for Fighters against Fascism
Order redstar rib.png
Soviet Ribbon bar Order of the Red Star
Soviet Ribbon bar Order of the Red Star
GDR Meritorious Policeman BAR.png
Meritorious Policeman
Meritorious Policeman
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Order of the Red Banner (CSSR) Rib.png
Планка ордена Красного Знамени (ЧССР)
Планка ордена Красного Знамени (ЧССР)
Ribbon bars of the Fatherland's Orde of Merit.png
Ribbon bar of the "Patriotic Order of Merit" of the GDR (three classes), here in silver.
Ribbon bar of the "Patriotic Order of Merit" of the GDR (three classes), here in silver.
GDR Meritorious Member of Border Troops BAR.png
Meritorious Member of GDR Border Troops
Meritorious Member of GDR Border Troops
Badge GenStaffCol SU.png
Graduate chest badge of the Soviet Union’s General Staff Academy until 1992.
Graduate chest badge of the Soviet Union’s General Staff Academy until 1992.
Bundesarchiv Bild 183-1988-0704-410, Heinz Keßler 02.jpg
(c) Bundesarchiv, Bild 183-1988-0704-410 / CC-BY-SA 3.0
(c) Bundesarchiv, Bild 183-1988-0704-410 / CC-BY-SA 3.0
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ADN-ZB/DEWAG/5.7.88/Berlin
Armeegeneral Heinz Keßler, Minister für Nationale Verteidigung der DDR und Mitglied des Politbüros des ZK der SED
Armeegeneral Heinz Keßler, Minister für Nationale Verteidigung der DDR und Mitglied des Politbüros des ZK der SED
100 lenin rib.png
100th Anniversary of Lenin's Birth medal ribbon
100th Anniversary of Lenin's Birth medal ribbon
GDR Meritorious Member of Civil Defense BAR.png
Meritorious Member of Civil Defense
Meritorious Member of Civil Defense
GDR Brotherhood in Arms Medal - Gold BAR.png
"Medal Brotherhood in Arms" of the NPA of the GDR (tree classes), here ribbon bar - Gold.
"Medal Brotherhood in Arms" of the NPA of the GDR (tree classes), here ribbon bar - Gold.
CombatCooperationRibbon.jpg
Ribbon bar of the Soviet medail for "Strengthening of the Brotherhood in Arms".
Ribbon bar of the Soviet medail for "Strengthening of the Brotherhood in Arms".
Ehrenspange.png
Honor clasp of the "Vaterländischen Verdienstorden" der DDR - in Gold.
Honor clasp of the "Vaterländischen Verdienstorden" der DDR - in Gold.
GDR Hero of Labor BAR.png
Honorary title "Hero of the Lebour" of the German Democratic Republic, here ribbon bar.
Honorary title "Hero of the Lebour" of the German Democratic Republic, here ribbon bar.
GDR Engels Prize bar-G.png
Orders, decorations and medals of the German Democratic Republic until 1990, here "Military Order of Merit GDR (tree classes), medal ribbon – Gold.
Orders, decorations and medals of the German Democratic Republic until 1990, here "Military Order of Merit GDR (tree classes), medal ribbon – Gold.
OrdenZnam.png
Planck of the state award of the Mongolian National Republic - awards of " the Red Banner "
Planck of the state award of the Mongolian National Republic - awards of " the Red Banner "
Złoty Order Za Zasługi dla Narodu i Ojczyzny.png
Ribbon bar of the "Patriotic Order of Merit" of the GDR (three classes), here in gold.
Ribbon bar of the "Patriotic Order of Merit" of the GDR (three classes), here in gold.
GDR Scharnhorst-Order bar.png
Order/award of the German Democratic Republic, here "Scharnhorst-Order" (one class) – ribbon bar.
Order/award of the German Democratic Republic, here "Scharnhorst-Order" (one class) – ribbon bar.
GDR Ehrenmedaille 30 Jahre National Volksarmee BAR.png
Honourmedal 30th Anniversary of National People's Army.
Honourmedal 30th Anniversary of National People's Army.
POL Order Zaslugi PRL kl3 BAR.png
Ribbon bar of the 3rd class of the Order of Merit of the People's Republic of Poland
Ribbon bar of the 3rd class of the Order of Merit of the People's Republic of Poland
.svg)
Coat of arms of NVA (East Germany).svg
Coat of arms of National People's Army of the German Democratic Republic
Coat of arms of National People's Army of the German Democratic Republic
GDR Army OF9 Armeegeneral hor.png
Military rang insignia of the German Democratic Republic until 1990, here:
Military rang insignia of the German Democratic Republic until 1990, here:
- Shoulder board of the Army general (comparable to OF-9 NATO)
- Weapon colour: scarlet to –
- Minister of National Defence of the GDR
- Minister of State Security of the GDR.
POL Odznaka Braterstwa Broni BAR.png
Interimspange der polnischen "Medaille der Waffenbrüderschaft".
Interimspange der polnischen "Medaille der Waffenbrüderschaft".