G.I. Bill

Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, även känt som G.I. Bill, var en amerikansk federal lag genom vilken miljontals amerikanska krigsveteraner från andra världskriget fick en rad förmåner, däribland möjligheter till universitetsstudier och omskolningsprogram. Genom G.I. Bill fick krigsveteranerna från andra världskriget betydligt större möjligheter än veteranerna från första världskriget. Lagen anses också av historiker och ekonomer väsentligt ha bidragit till USA som kunskapsnation under efterkrigstiden och till den långsiktiga ekonomiska tillväxten.^[1][2][3] Lagen upphörde i sin ursprungliga form 1956. De förmåner för krigsveteraner som den amerikanska federala statsmakten sedan dess beslutat omnämns dock allmänt som uppdateringar till G.I. Bill.^[4]

Referenser

Vidare läsning

• Abrams, Richard M. "The U.S. Military and Higher Education: A Brief History." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science (1989) 404 pp. 15–28.
• Altschuler, Glenn C. and Stuart M. Blumin. The GI Bill: a new deal for veterans (2009), brief scholarly overview
• Bennett, Michael J. When Dreams Came True: The G.I. Bill and the Making of Modern America (New York: Brassey's Inc., 1996)
• Bound, John, and Sarah Turner. "Going to War and Going to College: Did World War II and the G.I. Bill Increase Educational Attainment for Returning Veterans?" Journal of Labor Economics 20#4 (2002), pp. 784–815 in JSTOR
• Boulton, Mark. Failing our Veterans: The G.I. Bill and the Vietnam Generation (NYU Press, 2014).
• Clark, Daniel A. "'The two joes meet—Joe College, Joe Veteran': The GI Bill, college education, and postwar American culture". History of Education Quarterly (1998), 38#2, pp. 165–189.
• Frydl, Kathleen. The G.I. Bill (Cambridge University Press, 2009)
• Humes, Edward (2006). Over Here: How the G.I. Bill Transformed the American Dream. Harcourt. ISBN 0-15-100710-1 
• Jennings, Audra. Out of the Horrors of War: Disability Politics in World War II America (U of Pennsylvania Press, 2016). 288 pp.
• Mettler, Suzanne. Soldiers to Citizens: The G.I. Bill and the Making of the Greatest Generation (Oxford University Press, 2005). online; excerpt
• Nagowski, Matthew P. "Inopportunity of Gender: The G.I. Bill and the Higher Education of the American Female, 1939-1954" Cornell University ILR Collection" (2005) online; statistical approach
• Nam, Charles B. "The Impact of the 'GI Bills' on the Educational Level of the Male Population" Social Forces 43 (October 1964): 26-32.
• Olson, Keith. "The G. I. Bill and Higher Education: Success and Surprise," American Quarterly Vol. 25, No. 5 (December 1973) 596-610. in JSTORin JSTOR
• Olson, Keith, The G.I. Bill, The Veterans, and The Colleges (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1974)
• Peeps, J. M. Stephen. "A B.A. for the G.I. . . . Why?" History of Education Quarterly 24#4 (1984) pp 513-25.
• Ross, David B. Preparing for Ulysses: Politics and Veterans During World War II (Columbia University Press, 1969).
• Stanley, Marcus (2003). ”College Education and the Midcentury GI Bills”. The Quarterly Journal of Economics 118 (2): sid. 671–708. doi:10.1162/003355303321675482. 
• Van Ells, Mark D. To Hear Only Thunder Again: America's World War II Veterans Come Home. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2001.
• Woods, Louis, “Almost ‘No Negro Veteran…Could Get a Loan:’ African Americans, the GI Bill, and the NAACP Campaign Against Residential Segregation, 1917-1960,” The Journal of African American History, Vol. 98, No. 3 (Summer 2013) pp. 392-417.

Externa länkar

• GI Bill Forum
• The American Legion's MyGIBill.org
• The Department of Veteran Affairs' GI Bill website
• GI Bill top up program