Presidentens frihetsmedalj

Presidentens frihetsmedalj
Presidential Medal of Freedom
Frihetsmedaljen och dess insignier, inklusive släpspänne
Frihetsmedaljen och dess insignier, inklusive släpspänne
BeskrivningUSA:s högsta civila utmärkelse
NationUSA USA
UtdelareUSA:s president
Instiftad1963
Antal utdelade647
Certifikat för Frihetsmedaljen till Devin Nunes innan underskrift av president Donald Trump, 4 januari 2021.

Presidential Medal of Freedom (svenska: Presidentens frihetsmedalj) är USA:s främsta civila utmärkelse. USA:s president delar ut den efter eget gottfinnande till personer som gett ett särskilt anmärkningsvärt bidrag till den nationella säkerheten i USA, till världsfreden eller för kulturella eller andra offentliga eller privata ansträngningar. Medaljutdelningen brukar ske i Vita huset, antingen (beroende på väder och årstid) inomhus i östra rummet eller utomhus i rosenträdgården.

Medaljen inrättades av president John F. Kennedy 1963 genom att utfärda Executive Order 11085[1] och ersatte den tidigare "Frihetsmedaljen" som instiftades av Harry S. Truman 1945 för att hedra dem som tjänstgjort under andra världskriget.[2]

Till skillnad från många andra amerikanska utmärkelser kan även icke-amerikaner belönas med presidentens frihetsmedalj. Den kan utdelas till samma person mer än en gång och kan även ges postumt, som till exempel till John F. Kennedy efter mordet.

Enligt Executive Order 11085 utfärdas frihetsmedaljen i två grader, varav den högre benämns med tillägget with Distinction.[3] Enbart 26 personer har tilldelats den högre graden.[3]

  • Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction
  • Presidential Medal of Freedom

Personer som tilldelats Frihetsmedaljen

  • † – utdelades postumt

Utdelade av John F. Kennedy

John F. Kennedy delade ut 29 medaljer under 1963.

MottagareÅrNoteringRef.
Anderson, MarianMarian Anderson1963[4]
Bunche, RalphRalph Bunche1963Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[5][3]
Bunker, EllsworthEllsworth Bunker1963[5]
Casals, PabloPablo Casals1963[6]
Caulfield, GenevieveGenevieve Caulfield1963
Conant, James B.James B. Conant1963Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[3]
Enders, John FranklinJohn Franklin Enders1963
Frankfurter, FelixFelix Frankfurter1963[5]
Kiphuth, Robert J. H.Robert J. H. Kiphuth1963
Land, Edwin H.Edwin H. Land1963
Lehman, Herbert H.Herbert H. Lehman †1963
Lovett, Robert A.Robert A. Lovett1963Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[3]
MacDonald, J. CliffordJ. Clifford MacDonald1963
McCloy, John J.John J. McCloy1963Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[3]
Meany, GeorgeGeorge Meany1963[5]
Meiklejohn, AlexanderAlexander Meiklejohn1963
Mies van der Rohe, LudwigLudwig Mies van der Rohe1963[5]
Monnet, JeanJean Monnet1963Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[3]
Muñoz Marín, LuisLuis Muñoz Marín1963Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[3]
Randall, Clarence B.Clarence B. Randall1963[7]
Serkin, RudolfRudolf Serkin1963
Steichen, EdwardEdward Steichen1963
Taylor, George W.George W. Taylor1963
Waterman, Alan TowerAlan Tower Waterman1963
Wauneka, Annie DodgeAnnie Dodge Wauneka1963[8]
White, E. B.E. B. White1963
Wilder, ThorntonThornton Wilder1963
Wilson, EdmundEdmund Wilson1963
Wyeth, AndrewAndrew Wyeth1963

Utdelade av Lyndon B. Johnson

A. Philip Randolph erhåller medaljen från Lyndon B. Johnson, 13 september 1964.

Lyndon B. Johnson delade ut 47 medaljer mellan 1963 och 1969.

MottagareÅrNoteringRef.
Bunker, EllsworthEllsworth Bunker1963[5]
Holton, KarlKarl Holton1963[5]
Johannes XXIII, Johannes XXIII †1963[5]
Kennedy, John F.John F. Kennedy †1963[1]
Watson, Mark S.Mark S. Watson1963[5]
Acheson, DeanDean Acheson1964Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[3]
Bronk, DetlevDetlev Bronk1964
Copland, AaronAaron Copland1964
Disney, WaltWalt Disney1964[9]
Dobie, J. FrankJ. Frank Dobie1964
Edwards, Lena FrancesLena Frances Edwards1964
Eliot, T. S.T. S. Eliot1964
Fontanne, LynnLynn Fontanne1964[9]
Gardner, John W.John W. Gardner1964
Hesburgh, TheodoreTheodore Hesburgh1964
Johnson, ClarenceClarence Johnson1964
Kappel, FrederickFrederick Kappel1964
Keller, HelenHelen Keller1964
Lewis, John L.John L. Lewis1964
Lippmann, WalterWalter Lippmann1964
Lunt, AlfredAlfred Lunt1964[9]
McGill, RalphRalph McGill1964
Morison, Samuel EliotSamuel Eliot Morison1964
Mumford, LewisLewis Mumford1964
Murrow, Edward R.Edward R. Murrow1964Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[3]
Niebuhr, ReinholdReinhold Niebuhr1964
Price, LeontyneLeontyne Price1964
Randolph, A. PhilipA. Philip Randolph1964
Sandburg, CarlCarl Sandburg1964
Steinbeck, JohnJohn Steinbeck1964
Taussig, Helen B.Helen B. Taussig1964
Vinson, CarlCarl Vinson1964Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[3]
Watson Jr., ThomasThomas Watson Jr.1964
White, Paul DudleyPaul Dudley White1964
de Kooning, WillemWillem de Kooning1964[10]
Komer, RobertRobert Komer1967
Locke, Eugene M.Eugene M. Locke1967
McNamara, RobertRobert McNamara1968
Webb, James E.James E. Webb1968[11]
Clifford, ClarkClark Clifford1969Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[3]
Ellison, RalphRalph Ellison1969
Hope, BobBob Hope1969[12]
Peck, GregoryGregory Peck1969
Rusk, DeanDean Rusk1969Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[3]
Smith, MerrimanMerriman Smith1969[13]
White, William S.William S. White1969
Wilkins, RoyRoy Wilkins1969[13]

Utdelade av Richard Nixon

Duke Ellington erhöll frihetsmedaljen från Richard Nixon, 29 april 1969.
Astronauterna i Apollo 13 erhöll varsin frihetsmedalj från president Nixon, 17 april 1970.

Richard Nixon delade ut 38 medaljer mellan 1969 och 1974.

MottagareÅrNoteringRef.
Aldrin, BuzzBuzz Aldrin1969Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[3]
Armstrong, NeilNeil Armstrong1969Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[14][3]
Black Sr., Eugene R.Eugene R. Black Sr.1969
Bundy, McGeorgeMcGeorge Bundy1969
Collins, MichaelMichael Collins1969Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[14][3]
DeBakey, MichaelMichael DeBakey1969
Dubinsky, DavidDavid Dubinsky1969
Ellington, DukeDuke Ellington1969
Ford II, HenryHenry Ford II1969
Harriman, W. AverellW. Averell Harriman1969Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[3]
Kaiser, EdgarEdgar Kaiser1969
Lasker, MaryMary Lasker1969
Macy, JohnJohn Macy1969
Rockefeller, LauranceLaurance Rockefeller1969
Rostow, Walt WhitmanWalt Whitman Rostow1969
Vance, CyrusCyrus Vance1969
Young, WhitneyWhitney Young1969
Behrens, Earl CharlesEarl Charles Behrens1970[15]
Haise, FredFred Haise1970[16]
Henry, WilliamWilliam Henry1970[15]
Krock, ArthurArthur Krock1970[15]
Lawrence, DavidDavid Lawrence1970[15]
Lincoln, G. GouldG. Gould Lincoln1970[15]
Lovell, JimJim Lovell1970[16]
Mission Operations Team1970[17]
Moley, RaymondRaymond Moley1970[15]
Ormandy, EugeneEugene Ormandy1970
St. Johns, Adela RogersAdela Rogers St. Johns1970[15]
Swigert, JackJack Swigert1970[16]
Brosio, ManlioManlio Brosio1971
Goldwyn, SamuelSamuel Goldwyn1971
Hopkins, William J.William J. Hopkins1971
Vann, John PaulJohn Paul Vann †1972
Wallace, DeWittDeWitt Wallace1972
Wallace, Lila AchesonLila Acheson Wallace1972
Ford, JohnJohn Ford1973
Rogers, William P.William P. Rogers1973
Lowman, CharlesCharles Lowman1974[18]

Utdelade av Gerald Ford

Pianisten Arthur Rubinstein erhöll frihetsmedaljen från Gerald Ford, 31 mars 1976.
USA:s försvarsminister Donald Rumsfeld visar 2004 upp det etui med frihetsmedaljen som han tilldelades av president Gerald Ford 1977.

Gerald Ford delade ut 30 medaljer mellan 1974 och 1977.

MottagareÅrNoteringRef.
Hoffman, Paul G.Paul G. Hoffman1974
Laird, MelvinMelvin Laird1974
Bruce, David K. E.David K. E. Bruce1976Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[3]
Graham, MarthaMartha Graham1976Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[19][3]
Owens, JesseJesse Owens1976[20]
Rubinstein, ArthurArthur Rubinstein1976Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[21][3]
Abel, Iorwith WilburIorwith Wilbur Abel1977
Bardeen, JohnJohn Bardeen1977
Berlin, IrvingIrving Berlin1977[21]
Borlaug, NormanNorman Borlaug1977
Bradley, OmarOmar Bradley1977[21]
Burke, ArleighArleigh Burke1977
Calder, AlexanderAlexander Calder †1977[19]
Catton, BruceBruce Catton1977
DiMaggio, JoeJoe DiMaggio1977[21]
Durant, ArielAriel Durant1977
Durant, WillWill Durant1977[19]
Fiedler, ArthurArthur Fiedler1977[21]
Friendly, HenryHenry Friendly1977
Johnson, Lady BirdLady Bird Johnson1977[22]
Kissinger, HenryHenry Kissinger1977
MacLeish, ArchibaldArchibald MacLeish1977[19]
Michener, James A.James A. Michener1977[19]
O'Keeffe, GeorgiaGeorgia O'Keeffe1977[23]
Rockefeller, NelsonNelson Rockefeller1977[19]
Rockwell, NormanNorman Rockwell1977[19]
Rumsfeld, DonaldDonald Rumsfeld1977Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[3]
Shouse, Catherine FileneCatherine Filene Shouse1977
Thomas, LowellLowell Thomas1977[19]
Watson, JamesJames Watson1977

Utdelade av Jimmy Carter

President Jimmy Carter tilldelade fotografen och författarinnan Eudora Welty frihetsmedalje, 6 juni 1980.

Jimmy Carter delade ut 30 medaljer mellan 1977 och 1981.

MottagareÅrNoteringRef.
King Jr., Martin LutherMartin Luther King Jr. †1977
Salk, JonasJonas Salk1977
Goldberg, ArthurArthur Goldberg1978
Mead, MargaretMargaret Mead †1979[24]
Adams, AnselAnsel Adams1980[25]
Albright, Horace M.Horace M. Albright1980[26]
Carson, RachelRachel Carson †1980[25]
Chase, LuciaLucia Chase1980[25]
Humphrey, HubertHubert Humphrey †1980[25]
Iakovos, Iakovos1980[25]
Johnson, Lyndon B.Lyndon B. Johnson †1980[25]
Mitchell Jr., ClarenceClarence Mitchell Jr.1980[25]
Peterson, Roger ToryRoger Tory Peterson1980[25]
Rickover, Hyman G.Hyman G. Rickover1980[25]
Sills, BeverlyBeverly Sills1980[25]
Warren, Robert PennRobert Penn Warren1980[25]
Wayne, JohnJohn Wayne †1980[25]
Welty, EudoraEudora Welty1980[25]
Williams, TennesseeTennessee Williams1980[25]
Baldwin, Roger NashRoger Nash Baldwin1981[27]
Brzezinski, ZbigniewZbigniew Brzezinski1981[27]
Cronkite, WalterWalter Cronkite1981[27]
Douglas, KirkKirk Douglas1981[27]
McNamara, MargaretMargaret McNamara1981[27]
Peterson, EstherEsther Peterson1981[27]
Smith, Gerard C.Gerard C. Smith1981[27]
Strauss, Robert S.Robert S. Strauss1981[27]
Tuttle, ElbertElbert Tuttle1981[27]
Warren, EarlEarl Warren †1981[27]
Young, AndrewAndrew Young1981[27]

Utdelade av Ronald Reagan

Jimmy Stewart tilldelades frihetsmedaljen av president Ronald Reagan, 23 maj 1985.
Moder Teresa tilldelas Frihetsmedaljen av president Reagan, 20 juni 1985.
Pianisten Vladimir Horowitz, 28 juli 1986.
USA:s utrikesminister George Shultz, 19 januari 1989.

Ronald Reagan delade ut 100 medaljer mellan 1981 och 1989.

MottagareÅrNoteringRef.
Blake, EubieEubie Blake1981
Brown, HaroldHarold Brown1981
Christopher, WarrenWarren Christopher1981
Grasso, EllaElla Grasso †1981
Harlow, BryceBryce Harlow1981
Judd, WalterWalter Judd1981
Leibman, Morris I.Morris I. Leibman1981
Menninger, KarlKarl Menninger1981
Muskie, EdmundEdmund Muskie1981
Thornton, TexTex Thornton1981
Habib, PhilipPhilip Habib1982
Hoffer, EricEric Hoffer1982
Smith, KateKate Smith1982
Balanchine, GeorgeGeorge Balanchine1983[28]
Boothe Luce, ClareClare Boothe Luce1983[21]
Bryant, BearBear Bryant †1983
Burnham, JamesJames Burnham1983[21]
Cheek, James E.James E. Cheek1983
Fuller, BuckminsterBuckminster Fuller1983[29]
Graham, BillyBilly Graham1983
Javits, JacobJacob Javits1983[21]
Malone, DumasDumas Malone1983
Mercer, MabelMabel Mercer1983
Ramo, SimonSimon Ramo1983
Baker, HowardHoward Baker1984[30]
Cagney, JamesJames Cagney1984[30]
Chambers, WhittakerWhittaker Chambers †1984[31][32]
Cherne, LeoLeo Cherne1984[21]
Cooke, TerenceTerence Cooke †1984
Cooley, DentonDenton Cooley1984[30]
Ford, Tennessee ErnieTennessee Ernie Ford1984[30]
Garcia, HectorHector Garcia1984[30]
Goodpaster, AndrewAndrew Goodpaster1984[33]
Jackson, Henry M.Henry M. Jackson †1984
Kirstein, LincolnLincoln Kirstein1984[30]
L'Amour, LouisLouis L'Amour1984[30]
Luns, JosephJoseph Luns1984
Peale, Norman VincentNorman Vincent Peale1984[30]
Robinson, JackieJackie Robinson †1984[30]
Romulo, Carlos P.Carlos P. Romulo1984
Shriver, Eunice KennedyEunice Kennedy Shriver1984[30]
el-Sadat, AnwarAnwar el-Sadat †1984[34]
Basie, CountCount Basie †1985
Coady Wedemeyer, AlbertAlbert Coady Wedemeyer1985
Cousteau, JacquesJacques Cousteau1985
Holland, Jerome H.Jerome H. Holland †1985
Hook, SidneySidney Hook1985[21]
Kirkpatrick, JeaneJeane Kirkpatrick1985
Low, GeorgeGeorge Low †1985
Nitze, PaulPaul Nitze1985
Reynolds, FrankFrank Reynolds †1985
Sinatra, FrankFrank Sinatra1985
Stewart, JamesJames Stewart1985
Teresa, ModerModer Teresa1985
Trippe, JuanJuan Trippe †1985
Wohlstetter, AlbertAlbert Wohlstetter1985
Wohlstetter, RobertaRoberta Wohlstetter1985
Yeager, ChuckChuck Yeager1985
Annenberg, WalterWalter Annenberg1986
Blaik, EarlEarl Blaik1986
Goldwater, BarryBarry Goldwater1986
Hayes, HelenHelen Hayes1986
Horowitz, VladimirVladimir Horowitz1986
Ridgway, MatthewMatthew Ridgway1986
Rochefort, JosephJoseph Rochefort †1986
Royster, Vermont C.Vermont C. Royster1986
Sabin, AlbertAlbert Sabin1986
Wang, AnAn Wang1986
Armstrong, AnneAnne Armstrong1987
Dart Sr., Justin WhitlockJustin Whitlock Dart Sr. †1987
Kaufman, IrvingIrving Kaufman1987
Kaye, DannyDanny Kaye †1987
Lemnitzer, LymanLyman Lemnitzer1987
McCone, John A.John A. McCone1987
Patterson, FrederickFrederick Patterson1987
Rostropovich, MstislavMstislav Rostropovich1987
Walsh, William B.William B. Walsh1987
Weinberger, CasparCaspar Weinberger1987Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[3]
Willson, MeredithMeredith Willson †1987
Bailey, PearlPearl Bailey1988
Baldrige Jr., MalcolmMalcolm Baldrige Jr. †1988
Brown, IrvingIrving Brown1988
Burger, Warren E.Warren E. Burger1988
Carington, PeterPeter Carington1988
DeBartolo, EdwardEdward DeBartolo1988
Friedman, MiltonMilton Friedman1988
MacArthur, JeanJean MacArthur1988
Marriott, J. WillardJ. Willard Marriott †1988
Packard, DavidDavid Packard1988
Stevens, Roger L.Roger L. Stevens1988

Utdelade av George H. W. Bush

Margaret Thatcher mottog Frihetsmedaljen från president George H.W. Bush 1991.
Pratshowvärden Johnny Carson erhöll frihetsmedaljen, 10 december 1992.
President Bush gav frihetsmedaljen till sin företrädare i ämbetet, 13 januari 1993.

George H. W. Bush delade ut 42 medaljer mellan 1989 och 1993.

MottagareÅrNoteringRef.
Ball, LucilleLucille Ball †1989
Dillon, C. DouglasC. Douglas Dillon1989
Doolittle, JimmyJimmy Doolittle1989
Kennan, George F.George F. Kennan1989
Mansfield, MikeMike Mansfield1989
Pepper, ClaudeClaude Pepper1989
Shultz, GeorgeGeorge Shultz1989
Smith, Margaret ChaseMargaret Chase Smith1989
Wałęsa, LechLech Wałęsa1989
Hancock, WalkerWalker Hancock1990[35]
Baker, JamesJames Baker1991
Buckley Jr., William F.William F. Buckley Jr.1991
Cheney, DickDick Cheney1991[36]
Ferré, Luis A.Luis A. Ferré1991
Ford, BettyBetty Ford1991[37]
Gray, Hanna HolbornHanna Holborn Gray1991
Hayek, FriedrichFriedrich Hayek1991
O'Neill, TipTip O'Neill1991
Powell, ColinColin Powell1991
Pérez de Cuéllar, JavierJavier Pérez de Cuéllar1991
Schwarzkopf Jr., NormanNorman Schwarzkopf Jr.1991
Scowcroft, BrentBrent Scowcroft1991
Sullivan, LeonLeon Sullivan1991
Thatcher, MargaretMargaret Thatcher1991
Train, Russell E.Russell E. Train1991
Walters, Vernon A.Vernon A. Walters1991
Webster, WilliamWilliam Webster1991
Williams, TedTed Williams1991
Brinkley, DavidDavid Brinkley1992
Carson, JohnnyJohnny Carson1992
Fitzgerald, EllaElla Fitzgerald1992
Hepburn, AudreyAudrey Hepburn1992
Petty, RichardRichard Petty1992
Shlaudeman, Harry W.Harry W. Shlaudeman1992
Stern, IsaacIsaac Stern1992
Vessey, John W.John W. Vessey1992
Walton, SamSam Walton1992
Wiesel, ElieElie Wiesel1992
Pei, I. M.I. M. Pei1993[38]
Reagan, RonaldRonald Reagan1993Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[39][3]
Thurmond, StromStrom Thurmond1993

Utdelade av Bill Clinton

Rosa Parks erhöll frihetsmedaljen i ovala rummet, 13 september 1996.
Både Jimmy Carter och hustrun Rosalynn tilldelades varsin frihetsmedaj av Bill Clinton, 9 augusti 1999.

Bill Clinton delade ut 110 medaljer mellan 1993 och 2001.

MottagareÅrNoteringRef.
Ashe, ArthurArthur Ashe †1993
Brennan Jr., William J.William J. Brennan Jr.1993
Douglas, Marjory StonemanMarjory Stoneman Douglas1993
Fulbright, J. WilliamJ. William Fulbright1993
Marshall, ThurgoodThurgood Marshall †1993
Powell, ColinColin Powell1993Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[40][3]
Rauh Jr., Joseph L.Joseph L. Rauh Jr. †1993
Raye, MarthaMartha Raye1993[41]
Wisdom, John MinorJohn Minor Wisdom1993
Block, Herbert L.Herbert L. Block1994
Chavez, CesarCesar Chavez †1994
Flemming, Arthur SherwoodArthur Sherwood Flemming1994
Grant, James P.James P. Grant1994
Height, DorothyDorothy Height1994
Jordan, BarbaraBarbara Jordan1994
Kirkland, LaneLane Kirkland1994
Michel, Robert H.Robert H. Michel1994
Shriver, SargentSargent Shriver1994
Charren, PeggyPeggy Charren1995[41]
Coleman Jr., William T.William T. Coleman Jr.1995
Franklin, John HopeJohn Hope Franklin1995
Ganz Cooney, JoanJoan Ganz Cooney1995[41]
Higginbotham Jr., A. LeonA. Leon Higginbotham Jr.1995
Johnson, Frank MinisFrank Minis Johnson1995
Koop, C. EverettC. Everett Koop1995
Nelson, GaylordGaylord Nelson1995
Reuther, WalterWalter Reuther †1995
Rouse, JamesJames Rouse1995
Velasquez, WillieWillie Velasquez †1995
Wasserman, LewLew Wasserman1995[41]
Bernardin, JosephJoseph Bernardin1996
Brady, JamesJames Brady1996
Fuller, MillardMillard Fuller1996
Hamburg, David A.David A. Hamburg1996
Johnson, John H.John H. Johnson1996
Lang, EugeneEugene Lang1996
Nowak-Jeziorański, JanJan Nowak-Jeziorański1996
Pantoja, AntoniaAntonia Pantoja1996
Parks, RosaRosa Parks1996
Sagan, GinettaGinetta Sagan1996
Udall, MoMo Udall1996
Dole, BobBob Dole1997
Perry, WilliamWilliam Perry1997
Shalikashvili, JohnJohn Shalikashvili1997
Aronson, ArnoldArnold Aronson1998
Astor, BrookeBrooke Astor1998
Coles, RobertRobert Coles1998
Dart Jr., JustinJustin Dart Jr.1998
Farmer, JamesJames Farmer1998
Fascell, DanteDante Fascell1998
Fisher, ZacharyZachary Fisher1998
Hesselbein, FrancesFrances Hesselbein1998
Korematsu, FredFred Korematsu1998
Linowitz, SolSol Linowitz1998
Mankiller, WilmaWilma Mankiller1998[42]
Murie, MargaretMargaret Murie1998
Obledo, Mario G.Mario G. Obledo1998
Richardson, ElliotElliot Richardson1998
Rockefeller, DavidDavid Rockefeller1998
Shanker, AlbertAlbert Shanker †1998
Zumwalt, ElmoElmo Zumwalt1998
Bentsen, LloydLloyd Bentsen1999
Bronfman Sr., EdgarEdgar Bronfman Sr.1999
Carter, JimmyJimmy Carter1999[41]
Carter, RosalynnRosalynn Carter1999[41]
Dubrow, EvelynEvelyn Dubrow1999
Ferré, IsolinaIsolina Ferré1999[41]
Ford, GeraldGerald Ford1999[41]
Hill, OliverOliver Hill1999
Kampelman, MaxMax Kampelman1999
Kohl, HelmutHelmut Kohl1999
Mitchell, George J.George J. Mitchell1999
Wayburn, EdgarEdgar Wayburn1999
Burke, James E.James E. Burke2000
Chafee, JohnJohn Chafee †2000
Clark, WesleyWesley Clark2000
Crowe, William J.William J. Crowe2000
Edelman, Marian WrightMarian Wright Edelman2000[43]
Galbraith, John KennethJohn Kenneth Galbraith2000
Higgins, George G.George G. Higgins2000
Jackson, JesseJesse Jackson2000
Jeffrey, MildredMildred Jeffrey2000
Krim, MathildeMathilde Krim2000
McGovern, GeorgeGeorge McGovern2000
Moynihan, Daniel PatrickDaniel Patrick Moynihan2000
Reynoso, CruzCruz Reynoso2000
Suu Kyi, Aung SanAung San Suu Kyi2000
Taylor, Gardner C.Gardner C. Taylor2000[41]
Wiesenthal, SimonSimon Wiesenthal2000

Utdelade av George W. Bush

Basebollspelaren Hank Aaron var bland de första att erhålla medaljen under George W. Bushs presidentskap, 9 juli 2002.
Tjeckiens tidigare president Vaclav Havel erhöll frihetsmedaljen från president Bush, 23 juli 2003.
George W. Bush tilldelade påven Johannes Paulus II frihetsmedaljen vid en audiens i Vatikanen, 4 juni 2004.
Storbritanniens tidigare premiärminister Tony Blair gavs frihetsmedaljen av George W. Bush, 13 januari 2009.

George W. Bush delade ut 85 medaljer mellan 2001 och 2009.

MottagareÅrNoteringRef.
Aaron, HankHank Aaron2002
Cosby, BillBill Cosby2002[41]
Domingo, PlácidoPlácido Domingo2002
Drucker, PeterPeter Drucker2002
Graham, KatharineKatharine Graham †2002
Henderson, DonaldDonald Henderson2002
Kristol, IrvingIrving Kristol2002
Mandela, NelsonNelson Mandela2002
Moore, GordonGordon Moore2002[44]
Reagan, NancyNancy Reagan2002[41]
Rogers, FredFred Rogers2002[41]
Rosenthal, A. M.A. M. Rosenthal2002
Bartley, RobertRobert Bartley2003
Barzun, JacquesJacques Barzun2003
Child, JuliaJulia Child2003
Clemente, RobertoRoberto Clemente †2003
Cliburn, VanVan Cliburn2003
Havel, VáclavVáclav Havel2003
Heston, CharltonCharlton Heston2003[41]
Robertson, GeorgeGeorge Robertson2003
Teller, EdwardEdward Teller2003
Thomas, DaveDave Thomas †2003
White, ByronByron White †2003[45]
Wilson, James Q.James Q. Wilson2003
Wooden, JohnJohn Wooden2003
Bremer, PaulPaul Bremer2004
Brooke, EdwardEdward Brooke2004
Day, DorisDoris Day2004[41]
Franks, TommyTommy Franks2004
Gregorian, VartanVartan Gregorian2004
Hinckley, Gordon B.Gordon B. Hinckley2004[41]
Johannes Paulus II, Johannes Paulus II2004Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[41][3]
Lauder, EstéeEstée Lauder2004
Melville Grosvenor, GilbertGilbert Melville Grosvenor2004
Moreno, RitaRita Moreno2004[41]
Palmer, ArnoldArnold Palmer2004
Patz, ArnallArnall Patz2004
Podhoretz, NormanNorman Podhoretz2004
Tenet, GeorgeGeorge Tenet2004
Wriston, WalterWalter Wriston2004
Ali, MuhammadMuhammad Ali2005
Burnett, CarolCarol Burnett2005[41]
Cerf, VintVint Cerf2005[46]
Conquest, RobertRobert Conquest2005
Franklin, ArethaAretha Franklin2005
Greenspan, AlanAlan Greenspan2005
Griffith, AndyAndy Griffith2005[41]
Harvey, PaulPaul Harvey2005[41]
Kahn, BobBob Kahn2005[47]
Montgomery, SonnySonny Montgomery2005
Myers, RichardRichard Myers2005
Nicklaus, JackJack Nicklaus2005
Robinson, FrankFrank Robinson2005
Rusesabagina, PaulPaul Rusesabagina2005
Colvin, Ruth JohnsonRuth Johnson Colvin2006[48]
Francis, NormanNorman Francis2006[48]
Johnson, PaulPaul Johnson2006[48]
King, B.B.B.B. King2006[48]
Lederberg, JoshuaJoshua Lederberg2006[48]
McCullough, DavidDavid McCullough2006[48]
Mineta, NormanNorman Mineta2006[48]
O'Neil, BuckBuck O'Neil †2006[48]
Safire, WilliamWilliam Safire2006[48]
Sharansky, NatanNatan Sharansky2006[48]
Becker, GaryGary Becker2007
Biscet, Óscar ElíasÓscar Elías Biscet2007
Collins, FrancisFrancis Collins2007
Hooks, BenjaminBenjamin Hooks2007
Hyde, HenryHenry Hyde2007
Lamb, BrianBrian Lamb2007[41]
Lee, HarperHarper Lee2007
Sirleaf, Ellen JohnsonEllen Johnson Sirleaf2007
Carson, BenBen Carson2008[49]
Fauci, AnthonyAnthony Fauci2008[49]
Lantos, TomTom Lantos2008[49]
Pace, PeterPeter Pace2008[49]
Shalala, DonnaDonna Shalala2008[49]
Silberman, LaurenceLaurence Silberman2008[49]
Blair, TonyTony Blair2009[50]
Crocker, RyanRyan Crocker2009[51]
Howard, JohnJohn Howard2009
Uribe, ÁlvaroÁlvaro Uribe2009

Utdelade av Barack Obama

Skådespelaren Sidney Poitier erhöll Presidentens Frihetsmedalj 2009 av president Barack Obama.
Politikern och aktivisten John Lewis, 15 februari 2010.
Tysklands förbundskansler Angela Merkel fick frihetsmedaljen i från president Obama samband med ett officiellt besök i Vita huset.
USA:s försvarsminister Robert Gates erhöll frihetsmedaljen under avtackningsceremonin utanför Pentagon, 30 juni 2011.
Bob Dylan, 29 maj 2012.
Barck Obama utdelade frihetsmedlajen till Meryl Streep, 24 november 2014.
Tom Hanks fick frihetsmedaljen, 22 november 2016.
USA:s vicepresident Joe Biden blev den siste som Obama tilldelande frhetsmedaljen under sina två mandatperioder som president.

Barack Obama delade ut 118 medaljer mellan 2009 och 2017.

MottagareÅrNoteringRef.
Brinker, NancyNancy Brinker2009[52]
Crow, Joe MedicineJoe Medicine Crow2009[53]
Greer, Pedro JoséPedro José Greer2009[53]
Hawking, StephenStephen Hawking2009[53]
Kemp, JackJack Kemp †2009[53]
Kennedy, TedTed Kennedy2009[53]
King, Billie JeanBillie Jean King2009[53]
Lowery, JosephJoseph Lowery2009[53]
Milk, HarveyHarvey Milk †2009[53]
O'Connor, Sandra DaySandra Day O'Connor2009[54]
Poitier, SidneySidney Poitier2009[41]
Rivera, ChitaChita Rivera2009[53]
Robinson, MaryMary Robinson2009[53]
Rowley, JanetJanet Rowley2009[53]
Tutu, DesmondDesmond Tutu2009[53]
Yunus, MuhammadMuhammad Yunus2009
Adams, John H.John H. Adams2011[55]
Angelou, MayaMaya Angelou2011[55]
Buffett, WarrenWarren Buffett2011[55]
Bush, George H. W.George H. W. Bush2011[55]
Gates, RobertRobert Gates2011
Johns, JasperJasper Johns2011[55]
Lewis, JohnJohn Lewis2011[55]
Little, TomTom Little †2011[55]
Ma, Yo-YoYo-Yo Ma2011[55]
Mendez, SylviaSylvia Mendez2011[55]
Merkel, AngelaAngela Merkel2011[55]
Musial, StanStan Musial2011[55]
Russell, BillBill Russell2011[55]
Smith, Jean KennedyJean Kennedy Smith2011[55]
Sweeney, John J.John J. Sweeney2011[55]
Weissmann Klein, GerdaGerda Weissmann Klein2011[55]
Albright, MadeleineMadeleine Albright2012[56]
Dylan, BobBob Dylan2012[56]
Foege, WilliamWilliam Foege2012[56]
Glenn, JohnJohn Glenn2012[56]
Gordon Low, JulietteJuliette Gordon Low †2012[56]
Hirabayashi, GordonGordon Hirabayashi †2012[56]
Huerta, DoloresDolores Huerta2012[56]
Karski, JanJan Karski †2012[56]
Morrison, ToniToni Morrison2012[56]
Peres, ShimonShimon Peres2012[56]
Stevens, John PaulJohn Paul Stevens2012[56]
Summitt, PatPat Summitt2012[56]
Wald, PatriciaPatricia Wald2012[56]
Banks, ErnieErnie Banks2013[57]
Bradlee, BenBen Bradlee2013[57]
Clinton, BillBill Clinton2013[57]
Doar, JohnJohn Doar2013[57]
Inouye, DanielDaniel Inouye †2013[57]
Kahneman, DanielDaniel Kahneman2013[57]
Lugar, RichardRichard Lugar2013[57]
Lynn, LorettaLoretta Lynn2013[57]
Molina, Mario J.Mario J. Molina2013[57]
Ride, SallySally Ride †2013[58]
Rustin, BayardBayard Rustin †2013[57]
Sandoval, ArturoArturo Sandoval2013[57]
Smith, DeanDean Smith2013[57]
Steinem, GloriaGloria Steinem2013[57]
Vivian, C. T.C. T. Vivian2013[57]
Winfrey, OprahOprah Winfrey2013[57]
Ailey, AlvinAlvin Ailey †2014[59]
Allende, IsabelIsabel Allende2014[59]
Brokaw, TomTom Brokaw2014[59]
Chaney, JamesJames Chaney †2014[59]
Dingell, JohnJohn Dingell2014
Dresselhaus, MildredMildred Dresselhaus2014
Goodman, AndrewAndrew Goodman †2014[59]
Kennedy, EthelEthel Kennedy2014[59]
Mikva, AbnerAbner Mikva2014
Mink, PatsyPatsy Mink2014
Roybal, EdwardEdward Roybal †2014
Schwerner, MichaelMichael Schwerner †2014[59]
Shown Harjo, SuzanSuzan Shown Harjo2014[59]
Sifford, CharlieCharlie Sifford2014[59]
Solow, RobertRobert Solow2014[59]
Streep, MerylMeryl Streep2014[59]
Thomas, MarloMarlo Thomas2014[59]
Wonder, StevieStevie Wonder2014[59]
Berra, YogiYogi Berra †2015[60]
Carroll, BonnieBonnie Carroll2015[60]
Chisholm, ShirleyShirley Chisholm †2015[60]
Estefan, EmilioEmilio Estefan2015[60]
Estefan, GloriaGloria Estefan2015[60]
Frank Jr., BillyBilly Frank Jr. †2015[60]
Hamilton, Lee H.Lee H. Hamilton2015[60]
Johnson, KatherineKatherine Johnson2015[60]
Mays, WillieWillie Mays2015[60]
Mikulski, BarbaraBarbara Mikulski2015[60]
Perlman, ItzhakItzhak Perlman2015[60]
Ruckelshaus, WilliamWilliam Ruckelshaus2015[60]
Sondheim, StephenStephen Sondheim2015[60]
Spielberg, StevenSteven Spielberg2015[60]
Streisand, BarbraBarbra Streisand2015[60]
Taylor, JamesJames Taylor2015[60]
Yasui, MinoruMinoru Yasui †2015[60]
Abdul-Jabbar, KareemKareem Abdul-Jabbar2016[61]
Cobell, Elouise P.Elouise P. Cobell †2016[61]
De Niro, RobertRobert De Niro2016[61]
DeGeneres, EllenEllen DeGeneres2016[61]
Garwin, RichardRichard Garwin2016[61]
Gates, BillBill Gates2016[61]
Gates, MelindaMelinda Gates2016[61]
Gehry, FrankFrank Gehry2016[61]
Hamilton, MargaretMargaret Hamilton2016[61]
Hanks, TomTom Hanks2016[61]
Hopper, GraceGrace Hopper †2016[61]
Jordan, MichaelMichael Jordan2016[61]
Lin, MayaMaya Lin2016[61]
Michaels, LorneLorne Michaels2016[61]
Minow, Newton N.Newton N. Minow2016[61]
Padrón, Eduardo J.Eduardo J. Padrón2016[61]
Redford, RobertRobert Redford2016[61]
Ross, DianaDiana Ross2016[61]
Scully, VinVin Scully2016[61]
Springsteen, BruceBruce Springsteen2016[61]
Tyson, CicelyCicely Tyson2016[61]
Biden, JoeJoe Biden2017Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction[62][63][3]

Utdelade av Donald Trump

Tiger Woods tog emot frihetsmedaljen från Donald Trump, 6 maj 2019.
Radioprataren Rush Limbaugh fick frihetsmedaljen på representanthusets åhörarläktare under presidents Trumps State of the Union, 4 februari 2020.

Donald Trump delade ut 23 medaljer mellan 2017 och 2021.

MottagareÅrNoteringRef.
Adelson, MiriamMiriam Adelson2018[64]
Hatch, OrrinOrrin Hatch2018[64]
Page, AlanAlan Page2018[64]
Presley, ElvisElvis Presley †2018[64]
Ruth, BabeBabe Ruth †2018[64]
Scalia, AntoninAntonin Scalia †2018[64]
Staubach, RogerRoger Staubach2018[64]
Cousy, BobBob Cousy2019[65]
Laffer, ArthurArthur Laffer2019[66]
Meese, EdwinEdwin Meese2019[67]
Penske, RogerRoger Penske2019[68]
Rivera, MarianoMariano Rivera2019[69]
West, JerryJerry West2019[70]
Woods, TigerTiger Woods2019[71]
Gable, DanDan Gable2020[72]
Holtz, LouLou Holtz2020[73]
Keane, JackJack Keane2020[74]
Limbaugh, RushRush Limbaugh2020[75]
Ryun, JimJim Ryun2020[76]
Didrikson Zaharias, BabeBabe Didrikson Zaharias †2021[77]
Nunes, DevinDevin Nunes2021[78]
Player, GaryGary Player2021[77]
Sörenstam, AnnikaAnnika Sörenstam[a]2021[77]

Utdelade av Joe Biden

MottagareÅrNoteringRef.

Noteringar

  1. ^ Annika Sörenstam är hittills den enda svensken som tilldelats medaljen.

Se även

Referenser

Noter

  1. ^ [a b] ”President Kennedy's Executive Order 11085: Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum. 22 februari 1963. https://www.jfklibrary.org/learn/about-jfk/life-of-john-f-kennedy/fast-facts-john-f-kennedy/presidential-medal-of-freedom. Läst 13 september 2017. 
  2. ^ ”Executive Order 9586—The Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/executive-order-9586-the-medal-freedom. Läst 13 september 2017. 
  3. ^ [a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z] Dicker, Rachel (18 januari 2017). ”These Are the Known Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom With Distinction” (på engelska). www.usnews.com. U.S. News & World Report. https://www.usnews.com/news/slideshows/these-are-the-known-recipients-of-the-presidential-medal-of-freedom-with-distinction. Läst 8 februari 2022. 
  4. ^ ”Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) ( PDF). The National First Ladies Library. 16 november 2010. sid. 3. Arkiverad från originalet den 5 augusti 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190805203200/http://www.firstladies.org/documents/Medal_freedom.pdf. Läst 11 februari 2011. ”Marian Anderson (1897–1993)...Presidential Medal of Freedom received December 6, 1963” 
  5. ^ [a b c d e f g h i] Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard. ”Remarks With Under Secretary of State George W. Ball at the Presentation of the Medal of Freedom Awards, December 6, 1963” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-with-under-secretary-state-george-w-ball-the-presentation-the-medal-freedom-awards. Läst 2 december 2020. 
  6. ^ ”Distinguished Cellists in the White House” (på engelska). whitehousehistory.org. https://www.whitehousehistory.org/distinguished-cellists-in-the-white-house. Läst 20 mars 2020. 
  7. ^ ”Clarence B. Randall, 76, Dies” (på engelska). Chicago Tribune. 6 augusti 1967. https://chicagotribune.newspapers.com/image/376583184/?terms=Clarence%20B.%20Randall%2076%20Dies&match=1. Läst 13 januari 2017. 
  8. ^ ”Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) ( PDF). The National First Ladies Library. 16 november 2010. sid. 3. Arkiverad från originalet den 5 augusti 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190805203200/http://www.firstladies.org/documents/Medal_freedom.pdf. Läst 11 februari 2011. ”Annie Wauneka (1910–1997)...Presidential Medal of Freedom received December 6, 1963” 
  9. ^ [a b c] Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard. ”Lyndon B. Johnson, XXXVI President of the United States: 1963–1969, Remarks at the Presentation of the 1964 Presidential Medal of Freedom Awards, March 26, 1964” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-the-presentation-the-1964-presidential-medal-freedom-awards. Läst 22 maj 2011. 
  10. ^ ”30 Receive Freedom Medal at the White House” (på engelska). The New York Times. 30 augusti 1998. https://www.nytimes.com/books/98/08/30/specials/keller-medal.html. Läst 21 november 2017. 
  11. ^ ”Presidential Medal of Freedom, 1968, James Webb” (på engelska). Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. 14 mars 2016. https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/presidential-medal-freedom-1968-james-webb/nasm_A19840190000. 
  12. ^ ”Bob Hope and American Variety” (på engelska). Library of Congress. 10 maj 2000. https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/bobhope/pubserv.html. Läst 21 november 2017. 
  13. ^ [a b] Judy Muhlberg (14 juni 1976). ”Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) ( PDF). Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library & Museum. sid. 43. https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/document/0067/7773889.pdf. Läst 11 maj 2020. 
  14. ^ [a b] ”Richard Nixon: Remarks at a Dinner in Los Angeles Honoring the Apollo 11 Astronauts” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. 13 augusti 1969. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-dinner-los-angeles-honoring-the-apollo-11-astronauts. Läst 20 november 2018. 
  15. ^ [a b c d e f g] Nixon, Richard (22 april 1970). ”Remarks on Presenting the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Eight Journalists” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-presenting-the-presidential-medal-freedom-eight-journalists. Läst 25 december 2011. 
  16. ^ [a b c] Associated Press (19 april 1970). ”3 Astronauts get Heroes' Welcome to Hawaii” (på engelska). Newspapers.com. The Philadelphia Enquirer. sid. 14. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/33112752/the_philadelphia_inquirer/. 
  17. ^ Nixon, Richard (18 april 1970). ”Remarks on Presenting the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Apollo 13 Mission Operations Team in Houston” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-presenting-the-presidential-medal-freedom-apollo-13-mission-operations-team. 
  18. ^ M, Nixon, Richard (1 januari 1975) (på engelska). Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: Richard M. Nixon, 1974. Best Books on. ISBN 978-1-62376-923-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=ocHcAwAAQBAJ&q=%22Charles+LeRoy+Lowman%22+medal+of+freedom&pg=PA615 
  19. ^ [a b c d e f g h] Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard (10 januari 1977). ”Gerald R. Ford, 38th President of the United States: 1974 ‐ 1977, Remarks Upon Presenting the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-upon-presenting-the-presidential-medal-freedom. Läst 29 mars 2020. 
  20. ^ Koren, Marina (29 september 2016). ”White House Finally Honors the African-American Athletes of the 1936 Olympics” (på engelska). The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/news/archive/2016/09/white-house-olympics-berlin/502325/. 
  21. ^ [a b c d e f g h i j] Nordlinger, Jay (17 december 2007). ”A Tasty Presidential Perk - Medals of Freedom” (på engelska). National Review. http://www.nationalreview.com/article/443562/medals-freedom. Läst 14 oktober 2019. 
  22. ^ ”Lady Bird Johnson Biography” (på engelska). LBJ Presidential Library. Arkiverad från p originalet den 7 juni 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110607103633/http://www.lbjlib.utexas.edu/johnson/archives.hom/biographys.hom/ladybird_bio.asp. Läst 5 januari 2011. 
  23. ^ ”Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) ( PDF). The National First Ladies Library. 16 november 2010. sid. 3. Arkiverad från originalet den 5 augusti 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190805203200/http://www.firstladies.org/documents/Medal_freedom.pdf. Läst 11 februari 2011. ”Georgia O'Keeffe (1887–1986)...Presidential Medal of Freedom received January 10, 1977” 
  24. ^ ”Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) ( PDF). The National First Ladies Library. 16 november 2010. sid. 3. Arkiverad från originalet den 5 augusti 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190805203200/http://www.firstladies.org/documents/Medal_freedom.pdf. Läst 11 februari 2011. ”Dr. Margaret Mead (1901–1978)...Presidential Medal of Freedom received January 19, 1979” 
  25. ^ [a b c d e f g h i j k l m n] Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard (9 juni 1980). ”Jimmy Carter, XXXIX President of the United States: 1977–1981, Presidential Medal of Freedom Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony, June 9, 1980” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/presidential-medal-freedom-remarks-the-presentation-ceremony. Läst 2 december 2020. 
  26. ^ ”About Horace M. Albright” (på engelska). UC Berkeley Rausser College of Natural Resources. https://nature.berkeley.edu/albright/lecture-archive. Läst 2 december 2020. 
  27. ^ [a b c d e f g h i j k] Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard (16 januari 1981). ”Jimmy Carter: Presidential Medal of Freedom Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony, January 16, 1981.” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/presidential-medal-freedom-remarks-the-presentation-ceremony-0. Läst 2 december 2020. 
  28. ^ Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard (23 februari 1983). ”Ronald Reagan: Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-upon-presenting-the-presidential-medal-freedom-martha-graham. Läst 21 november 2017. 
  29. ^ ”Frank Gehry and Maya Lin Awarded Obama's Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). ArchDaily. 17 november 2016. https://www.archdaily.com/799643/frank-gehry-and-maya-lin-awarded-obamas-presidential-medal-of-freedom. Läst 21 november 2017. 
  30. ^ [a b c d e f g h i j] Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard. ”Ronald Reagan, XL President of the United States: 1981–1989, Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the Presidential Medal of Freedom, March 26, 1984” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-the-presentation-ceremony-for-the-presidential-medal-freedom-1. Läst 11 februari 2011. 
  31. ^ ”White House Freedom Medal Set for Whittaker Chambers” (på engelska). New York Times. 22 februari 1984. https://www.nytimes.com/1984/02/22/us/white-house-freedom-medal-set-for-whittaker-chambers.html. Läst 16 januari 2011. 
  32. ^ Sterling, Dorothy (9 mars 1984). ”Whittaker Chambers: Odd Choice for the Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/books/97/03/09/reviews/chambers-letter.html. Läst 16 januari 2011. 
  33. ^ ”Ronald Reagan - 40th President of the United States: 1981 ‐ 1989 Announcement of the Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/announcement-the-recipients-the-presidential-medal-freedom. Läst 3 augusti 2021. 
  34. ^ Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard. ”Ronald Reagan, XL President of the United States: 1981–1989, Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the Presidential Medal of Freedom, March 26, 1984” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-the-presentation-ceremony-for-the-presidential-medal-freedom-1. Läst 11 februari 2011. 
  35. ^ ”Capt. Walker Kirtland Hancock ( 1901–1998 )” (på engelska). Monuments Men Foundation for the Preservation of Art. https://www.monumentsmenfoundation.org/the-heroes/the-monuments-men/hancock-capt.-walker-k.. Läst 24 juni 2018. 
  36. ^ Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard. ”George Bush, XLI President of the United States: 1989–1993, Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the Presidential Medals of Freedom and Presidential Citizen's Medals, July 3, 1991” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-the-presentation-ceremony-for-the-presidential-medals-freedom-and-presidential. Läst 11 februari 2011. 
  37. ^ ”Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) ( PDF). The National First Ladies Library. 16 november 2010. sid. 3. Arkiverad från originalet den 5 augusti 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190805203200/http://www.firstladies.org/documents/Medal_freedom.pdf. Läst 11 februari 2011. ”Betty Ford (1918 – )...Presidential Medal of Freedom received November 18, 1991” 
  38. ^ ”Curriculum Vitae of I. M. Pei” (på engelska). Pei Cobb Freed & Partners. http://www.pcfandp.com/a/f/fme/imp/c/c.html. Läst 20 juli 2009. 
  39. ^ ”Remarks on presenting the Presidential Medal of Freedom to President Ronald Reagan-President George Bush-Transcript” (på engelska). The White House: Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents. 18 januari 1993. Arkiverad från originalet den 16 november 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20101116112717/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2889/is_n2_v29/ai_13975210/. Läst 31 december 2007. 
  40. ^ Clinton, W. J. (30 september 1993). ”Remarks on the Retirement of General Colin Powell in Arlington, Virginia” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-the-retirement-general-colin-powell-arlington-virginia. Läst 18 september 2016. 
  41. ^ [a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v] Secretary of the Senate, United States Congress. ”Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients” (på engelska). Official Website of the United States Senate. United States Senate (Government of the United States). https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/Referens/two_column_table/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom_Recipients.htm. Läst 14 november 2011. 
  42. ^ ”Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) ( PDF). The National First Ladies Library. 16 november 2010. sid. 3. Arkiverad från originalet den 5 augusti 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190805203200/http://www.firstladies.org/documents/Medal_freedom.pdf. Läst 11 februari 2011. ”Chief,Wilma Mankiller (1945–2010)...Presidential Medal of Freedom received January 15, 1998” 
  43. ^ ”Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) ( PDF). The National First Ladies Library. 16 november 2010. sid. 3. Arkiverad från originalet den 5 augusti 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190805203200/http://www.firstladies.org/documents/Medal_freedom.pdf. Läst 11 februari 2011. ”Marian Wright Edelman (1939 – )...Presidential Medal of Freedom received August 9, 2000” 
  44. ^ McFeatters, Ann (10 juli 2002). ”Fred Rogers gets Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Arkiverad från originalet den 19 oktober 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20111019194125/http://www.post-gazette.com/ae/20020710fredrogersp1.asp. Läst 9 februari 2011. 
  45. ^ ”President Honors 2003 Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients” (på engelska). Vita Huset. https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2003/07/20030723-9.html. 
  46. ^ Vargas, Jose Antonio (10 november 2005). ”At the White House, Prizes for 14 Champs,Medal of Freedom Ceremony Shows Ali as Fast as Ever” (på engelska). The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/09/AR2005110901738.html. Läst 9 februari 2011. 
  47. ^ ”Net pioneers receive top honour” (på engelska). BBC. 10 november 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/4415326.stm. Läst 9 februari 2011. 
  48. ^ [a b c d e f g h i j] ”President Bush Honors Medal of Freedom Recipients” (på engelska). georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov. Vita Huset. 15 december 2006. https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/12/20061215-1.html. Läst 20 mars 2020. 
  49. ^ [a b c d e f] ”President Bush Honors Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients” (på engelska). georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov. Vita Huset. 19 juni 2008. https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2008/06/20080619-9.html. Läst 14 mars 2020. 
  50. ^ Mayer, Catherine (13 januari 2009). ”A Presidential Medal for Tony Blair” (på engelska). Time. Arkiverad från originalet den 17 februari 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110217141910/https://time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1871300,00.html. Läst 9 februari 2011. 
  51. ^ ”President Bush Commemorates Foreign Policy Achievements and Presents Medal of Freedom to Ambassador Ryan Crocker” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 15 januari 2009. https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2009/01/20090115.html. Läst 16 januari 2009. 
  52. ^ ”The Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). Vita Huset. Arkiverad från originalet den 31 augusti 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170831181728/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/node/349666. Läst 20 augusti 2017. 
  53. ^ [a b c d e f g h i j k l] ”President Obama Names Medal of Freedom Mottagares; 16 Agents of Change to Receive Top Civilian Honor” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 30 juli 2009. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/president-obama-names-medal-freedom-recipients. Läst 12 augusti 2009. 
  54. ^ ”Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) ( PDF). The National First Ladies Library. 16 november 2010. sid. 3. Arkiverad från originalet den 5 augusti 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190805203200/http://www.firstladies.org/documents/Medal_freedom.pdf. Läst 11 februari 2011. ”Justice Sandra Day O'Connor (1930 – )...Presidential Medal of Freedom received August 12, 2009” 
  55. ^ [a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o] ”President Obama Names Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 17 november 2010. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2010/11/17/president-obama-names-presidential-medal-freedom-recipients. Läst 18 november 2010. 
  56. ^ [a b c d e f g h i j k l m] ”Albright, World War II hero among 13 to receive Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). CNN. 29 maj 2012. http://www.cnn.com/2012/05/29/us/medal-of-freedom/index.html. Läst 29 maj 2012. 
  57. ^ [a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o] ”President Obama Honors Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 8 augusti 2013. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/08/08/president-obama-names-presidential-medal-freedom-Recipients. Läst 8 augusti 2013. 
  58. ^ ”President Obama Announces Sally Ride as a Recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 20 maj 2013. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/05/20/president-obama-announces-sally-ride-recipient-presidential-medal-freedo. Läst 2 juli 2013. 
  59. ^ [a b c d e f g h i j k l m] Schulman, Kori (10 november 2014). ”President Obama Announces the Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients” (på engelska). Vita Huset. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2014/11/10/president-obama-announces-presidential-medal-freedom-recipients. Läst 11 november 2014. 
  60. ^ [a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q] ”President Obama Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 16 november 2015. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2015/11/16/president-obama-names-recipients-presidential-medal-freedom. Läst 16 november 2015. 
  61. ^ [a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u] ”President Obama Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 16 november 2016. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2016/11/16/president-obama-names-recipients-presidential-medal-freedom. Läst 16 november 2016. 
  62. ^ ”Biden surprised with Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). The Miami Herald. 12 januari 2017. Arkiverad från originalet den 13 januari 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170113164802/https://www.miamiherald.com/latest-news/article126184169.html. Läst 12 januari 2017. 
  63. ^ ”Obama jokes about 'bromance' with Biden as he surprises then-VP with Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. 12 januari 2017. https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/obama-biden-presidential-medal-of-freedom-1.3933291. 
  64. ^ [a b c d e f g] [President Donald J. Trump Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom ”Trump names Medal of Freedom Recipients 11/10/2018”] (på engelska). Vita Huset. 10 november 2018. President Donald J. Trump Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Läst 8 augusti 2021. 
  65. ^ Krantz, Laura (22 augusti 2019). ”Celtics legend Bob Cousy receives Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). Boston Globe. https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/politics/2019/08/22/celtics-legend-bob-cousy-set-get-presidential-medal-freedom/KFqGGkhR598KG00Rgrz2PP/story.html. Läst 12 november 2019. 
  66. ^ ”Trump awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to economist Arthur Laffer” (på engelska). Washington Post. 19 juni 2019. https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-to-award-presidential-medal-of-freedom-to-economist-art-laffer-today/2019/06/19/f1505826-9299-11e9-aadb-74e6b2b46f6a_story.html. 
  67. ^ ”Remarks by President Trump at Presentation of the Medal of Freedom to Edwin Meese” (på engelska). Vita Huset. https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-presentation-medal-freedom-edwin-meese/. Läst 21 mars 2020. 
  68. ^ Rambaran, Vandana (24 oktober 2019). ”Trump gives Presidential Medal of Freedom to racing icon Roger Penske” (på engelska). Fox News. https://www.foxnews.com/auto/trump-gives-presidential-medal-of-freedom-to-racing-icon-roger-penske. Läst 25 oktober 2019. 
  69. ^ Tillett, Emily (16 september 2019). ”Trump honors Yankees great Mariano Rivera with Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). CBS News. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/president-trump-honors-yankees-great-mariano-rivera-with-medal-of-freedom-live-stream/. Läst 16 september 2019. 
  70. ^ ”Remarks by President Trump at Presentation of the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Jerry West” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 5 september 2019. https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-presentation-presidential-medal-freedom-jerry-west/. Läst 20 mars 2020. 
  71. ^ Samuel Chamberlain (6 maj 2019). ”Trump presents 'true legend' Tiger Woods with Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). Fox News. https://www.foxnews.com/sports/trump-tiger-woods-presidential-medal-of-freedom. Läst 6 maj 2019. 
  72. ^ ”President Donald J. Trump to Award the Medal of Freedom to Dan Gable” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 4 december 2020. https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/president-donald-j-trump-award-medal-freedom-dan-gable/. Läst 4 december 2020. 
  73. ^ ”President Donald J. Trump to Award the Medal of Freedom to Lou Holtz” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 3 december 2020. https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-presentation-presidential-medal-freedom-lou-holtz/. Läst 3 december 2020. 
  74. ^ ”Remarks by President Trump at the Presentation of the Presidential Medal of Freedom to General Jack Keane” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 10 mars 2020. https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-presentation-presidential-medal-freedom-general-jack-keane/. Läst 14 mars 2020. 
  75. ^ ”President Trump Awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Rush Limbaugh at SOTU” (på engelska). Business Insider. 5 februari 2020. https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-to-award-presidential-medal-of-freedom-to-rush-limbaugh-2020-2. Läst 11 april 2020. 
  76. ^ ”Former track star Ryun given Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). ESPN.com. 24 juli 2020. https://www.espn.com.au/olympics/trackandfield/story/_/id/29530740/former-track-phenom-jim-ryun-receives-presidential-medal-freedom. 
  77. ^ [a b c] ”Statement from the Press Secretary” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 7 januari 2021. https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/statement-press-secretary-010721/. Läst 7 januari 2021. 
  78. ^ ”Trump Gives Medal Of Freedom To Loyalist GOP Congressman Nunes” (på engelska). National Public Radio. 4 januari 2021. https://www.npr.org/2021/01/04/953276901/trump-to-give-medal-of-freedom-to-loyalist-gop-congressman-nunes?utm_campaign=politics&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_medium=social&utm_term=nprnews. Läst 4 januari 2021. 

Externa länkar

Media som används på denna webbplats

Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction (ribbon).svg
Författare/Upphovsman: Jack Ryan Morris, Licens: CC BY-SA 4.0
Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction (ribbon)
PMoFwD.jpg
Donald Rumsfeld displays his Presidential Medal of Freedom With Distinction
President George W. Bush presents the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Hank Aaron.jpg
President George W. Bush presents the Presidential Medal of Freedom to baseball legend Henry Aaron during a ceremony at the White House, July 9, 2002. "The Presidential Medal of Freedom is the highest civil honor our nation can bestow. And we award it today to 12 outstanding individuals," said the President. "The men and women we honor span the spectrum of achievement. Some are fighters; others are healers; all have left an enduring legacy of hope and courage and achievement." Photo by Paul Morse, Courtesy George W. Bush Presidential Library & Museum
Joe Biden Receives Presidential Medal of Freedom.jpg
President Barack Obama presents Vice President Joe Biden with the Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction during a tribute to the Vice President in the State Dining Room of the White House, Jan. 12, 2017. (Official White House Photo by Chuck Kennedy)
Sidney Poitier PMF.jpg
Actor Sidney Poitier receives the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama on August 12, 2009.
President Barack Obama awards the 2010 Presidential Medal of Freedom to Congressman John Lewis.jpg
President Barack Obama awards the 2010 Presidential Medal of Freedom to Congressman John Lewis in a ceremony in the East Room of the White House February 15, 2011. (Official White House Photo by Lawrence Jackson)
Margaret Thatcher awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom.jpg
President Bush presents the Presidential Medal of Freedom to former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher in the East Room of the White House.
Blair MOF.jpg
President George W. Bush applauds former Prime Minister Tony Blair after presenting him Tuesday, Jan. 13, 2009, with the 2009 Presidential Medal of Freedom during ceremonies in the East Room of the White House.
President Gerald R. Ford Presents the Medal of Freedom to Pianist Arthur Rubinstein - NARA - 6829639.jpg
  • Scope and content: Caption: 1976, April 1 – The East Room – The White House – Washington, DC – Gerald R. Ford, Arthur Rubinstein – standing, handshaking – Ceremony to Present Medal of Freedom to Pianist Arthur Rubinstein.
President Trump Presents the Presidential Medal of Freedom (50803936247).jpg
President Donald J. Trump presents the Medal of Freedom to Rep. Devin Nunes, R-Calif., Monday, Jan. 4, 2021, in the Oval Office of the White House. (Official White House Photo by Shealah Craighead)
President George W. Bush and Mrs. Laura Bush with Medal of Freedom Recipient Vaclav Havel.jpg
In this photograph President George W. Bush and Mrs. Laura Bush stand with Medal of Freedom recipient Vaclav Havel, former president of the Czech Republic, and his wife Dagmar Havlova in the Blue Room of the White House.
President George W. Bush presents the Medal of Freedom to Pope John Paul II.jpg
President George W. Bush presents the Medal of Freedom to Pope John Paul II June 4, 2004, during a visit to the Vatican in Rome, Italy. Photo by Eric Draper, Courtesy of the George W. Bush Presidential Library and Museum
Tom Hanks the Presidential Medal of Freedom 2016.jpg
Tom Hanks awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Obama, Nov 2016
President Barack Obama presents the Presidential Medal of Freedom to actress Meryl Streep during a ceremony in the East Room of the White House (cropped).jpg
President Barack Obama presents the Presidential Medal of Freedom to actress Meryl Streep during a ceremony in the East Room of the White House, Nov. 24, 2014. (Official White House Photo by Pete Souza)
President Bill Clinton presents Rosa Parks with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in the Oval Office.jpg
President Bill Clinton presents civil rights icon, Rosa Parks with the Presidential Medal of Freedom certificate in the Oval Office.
President Ronald Reagan presenting medal to George Shultz during the Medal of Freedom Luncheon in the East Room.jpg
President Ronald Reagan Presenting Medal to George Shultz During The Medal of Freedom Luncheon in The East Room, 1/19/1989
President Richard Nixon and the Apollo 13 astronauts stand at attention for the National Anthem at a ceremony.jpg
President Richard Nixon and Apollo 13 Astronauts Commander James A. Lovell, Command Module Pilot John L. "Jack" Swigert, and Lunar Module Pilot Fred W. Haise, 4/18/1970
Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter receive Presidential Medal of Freedom.jpg
Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter receiving the Presidential Medal of Freedom from former president Bill Clinton.
President Barack Obama presents American musician Bob Dylan with a Medal of Freedom.jpg
President Barack Obama presents American musician Bob Dylan with a Medal of Freedom, Tuesday, May 29, 2012, during a ceremony at the White House in Washington as Sen. John Glenn and novelist Toni Morrison look on. (NASA/Bill Ingalls)
President Trump Presents the Medal of Freedom to Tiger Woods (33919288728).jpg
President Donald J. Trump presents the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Tiger Woods May 6, 2019, in the Rose Garden of the White House. (Official White House Photo Shealah Craighead)
President Reagan and Nancy Reagan present Pianist Vladimir Horowitz with the Medal of Freedom in the Roosevelt room.jpg
President Ronald Reagan and Nancy Reagan Present Pianist Vladimir Horowitz with The Medal of Freedom in The Roosevelt Room, 7/28/1986
Hires 110630-D-XH843-011a.jpg
Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates, President Barack Obama and Navy Adm. Mike Mullen, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, stand as the citation is read for the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award a president can bestow, during the Armed Forces Farewell Tribute for Gates at the Pentagon, June 30, 2011
President Jimmy Carter presents the Medal of Freedom Award to Eudora Welty.jpg
President Jimmy Carter Presents the Medal of Freedom Award to Eudora Welty , 6/9/1980
Presidential-medal-of-freedom.jpg
The general badge of the Presidential Medal of Freedom, with its various components. This specific medal was presented to Bob Hope.
A. Philip Randolph Medal of Freedom.jpg
Civil Rights leader A. Philip Randolph receiving the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Lyndon Johnson, September 1964.
President Ronald Reagan Presenting Medal of Freedom Award to Jimmy Stewart in East Room.jpg
President Ronald Reagan Presenting Medal of Freedom Award to Jimmy Stewart in East Room, 5/23/1985
President George H. W. Bush and Mrs. Barbara Bush award the Presidential Medal of Freedom to comedian Johnny Carson.jpg
President George H. W. Bush and Mrs. Barbara Bush award the Presidential Medal of Freedom to comedian Johnny Carson.
President Ronald Reagan presents Mother Teresa with the Medal of Freedom at a White House Ceremony in the Rose Garden.jpg
President Ronald Reagan Presents Mother Teresa with the Medal of Freedom at a White House Ceremony in the Rose Garden, 6/20/1985
State of the Union 2020 (49493531303).jpg
Rush Limbaugh gives a thumbs-up to President Donald J. Trump from the House Gallery Tuesday evening, Feb. 4, 2020, after President Trump awarded Limbaugh with the Medal of Freedom during the State of the Union address at the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C. (Official White House Photo by D. Myles Cullen)
Presidential Medal of Freedom (ribbon).svg
Författare/Upphovsman: SaluteVII, Licens: CC BY-SA 4.0
Presidential Medal of Freedom (ribbon)