Franska protektoratet Tunisien
| Franska protektoratet Tunisien | ||||
| Protectorat français de Tunisie (Franska) الحماية الفرنسية في تونس (Arabiska) | ||||
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Flagga | ||||
 Franska besittningar i Afrika (ljusblå färg) 1913 Franska besittningar i Afrika (ljusblå färg) 1913 | ||||
| Huvudstad | Tunis | |||
| Språk | Arabiska Berberspråk Franska Italienska Turkiska | |||
| Statsskick | Monarki | |||
| Bildades | 12 maj 1881 | |||
| – bildades genom | Fördraget i Brado | |||
| Upphörde | 20 mars 1956 | |||
| – upphörde genom | Självständighet | |||
| Areal | 155 000 kvadratkilometer (59 846 engelska kvadratmil) km² (1881) | |||
| Folkmängd – befolkningstäthet | 2 600 000 (1939) 155 000 inv/km² | |||
| Valuta | Tunisisk rial (till 1891) Tunisisk franc (1891-1958) | |||
Franska protektoratet Tunisien (franska: Protectorat français de Tunisie; arabiska: الحماية الفرنسية في تونس Al-Himaïet Al-Fransiyeh fi Tounes) skapades 1881, under Kapplöpningen om Afrika, och varade fram till Tunisien utropades fullt oberoende 1956.
Tunisien hade tidigare varit en provins i Osmanska riket men hade starkt självstyre under bej Muhammad III as-Sadiq.
1877 förklarade Ryssland krig mot Osmanska riket. Ryssarnas vinst ledde till att Osmanska riket försvagades, vilket ledde till självständiga statsbildningar på Balkanhalvön samt internationella diskussioner om de osmanska Nordafrikaprovinsernas framtid.
Andra världskriget
Många tunisier uppskattade Frankrikes nederlag mot Tyskland i juni 1940,[1]
Självständighet
Avkoloniseringen visade sig bli en långdragen och kontroversiell affär. I Tunisien krävde nationalisterna den avsatte bejens återkomst, samt reformer.[2]
Källor
- Den här artikeln är helt eller delvis baserad på material från engelskspråkiga Wikipedia, 16 mars 2012.
Fotnoter
Media som används på denna webbplats
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Flag of Tunisia (1959–1999).svg
Flag of Tunisia until 1999.
Flag of Tunisia until 1999.
Flag of Tunis Bey-fr.svg
Författare/Upphovsman: Ewan ar Born, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
A flag supposedly used by the bey of Tunis in the 19th century; the design is based on Flaggenbuch. Bearbeitet und herausgegeben vom Oberkommando der Kriegsmarine. (1939). Compare the following report from The Flag Bulletin, no. 195, Sep.-Oct. 2000, pp. 171-194:
Författare/Upphovsman: Ewan ar Born, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
A flag supposedly used by the bey of Tunis in the 19th century; the design is based on Flaggenbuch. Bearbeitet und herausgegeben vom Oberkommando der Kriegsmarine. (1939). Compare the following report from The Flag Bulletin, no. 195, Sep.-Oct. 2000, pp. 171-194:
- "Another flag (Fig. 15), possibly introduced by Bey Hussein II, served on many occasions -- including the proclamation of the new Ottoman constitution on 21 March 1840. Referred to as the "state standard of the Regency," (note: Henri Hugon, "Les Emblèmes des beys de Tunis" (Paris: Leroux, 1913), p. 64) this flag was more than simply a personal banner of the ruler, although it appeared at ceremonies and visits in which the bey participated (note: Si Hassen Hosni Abdel-Wahab, "Note on the History of the Tunisian Flag" (Tunis, 1957), p. 3. The author claimed the standard was already three centuries old.). It was regularly used on the Bardo Palace, on the Citadel of Tunis, and on navy ships (note: Ibid and the captions of "Verzameling der Vlaggen by alle natien in gebruik" (Amsterdam, 1835-1850), a manuscript in the library of the Flag Research Center, illustration No. 37.). The design of the standard (note: The flag --perhaps an elaborated version of the 1765 standard (...)-- as it appears in Smith 1975 [The Flag Book of the United States — The Story of the Stars and Stripes and the Flags of the Fifty States], p. 55, is an illustration from 1835 reproduced from the Verzameling.) varied somewhat over the years, but the basic elements were constant. (...) A simplified version of the standard (four stripes alternately green and red with sword of Ali overall in white) appeared on the white oval shield in the arms of the Regency, officially adopted in 1861 but in use earlier (Fig. 16) -- a rare example of a flag serving as the principal charge in the coat of arms of a country."
Colonial Africa Tunisia 1913 map.svg
Författare/Upphovsman:
Map of French possessions in colonial Africa as in 1913, Tunisia highlighted.
Note : The limits of the areas of control may not be perfectly accurate due to the imprecision of the reference maps.
Författare/Upphovsman:
- Colonial_Africa_1913_map.svg: Eric Gaba (Sting - fr:Sting)
- derivative work: P. S. Burton (talk)
Map of French possessions in colonial Africa as in 1913, Tunisia highlighted.
Note : The limits of the areas of control may not be perfectly accurate due to the imprecision of the reference maps.
Bourguiba Bizerte.jpg
Habib Bourguiba giving a speech in the city of Bizerte
Habib Bourguiba giving a speech in the city of Bizerte
Tunisia1942-1943.svg
Sketchmap of Tunisia 1942
Sketchmap of Tunisia 1942