Fornengelsk grammatik
- Huvudartikel: Fornengelska
Den här artikeln beskriver grammatiken i fornengelska.
Alfabet
| Bokstav | Namn | Uttal |
|---|---|---|
| Ææ | ||
| Ðð | Eth | dh |
| Þþ | Thorn | th |
Uttal
Nedan ges delvis en ungefärlig beskrivning av vilka ljudvärden bokstäverna kunde motsvara i modern engelska, och delvis fornengelska exempel.
Vokaler
| Bokstav | Uttal | Anteckning |
|---|---|---|
| a | father | |
| æ | cat, back | |
| e | helpan | hjälpa |
| i | feet | |
| o | God | |
| u | tool | |
| y | Cyning | konung |
| ie | sit |
Diftonger
| Diftong | Uttal |
|---|---|
| eo | |
| ea |
Konsonanter
| Konsonant | Uttal | Kommentar |
|---|---|---|
| ð | this | tonande läspljud |
| þ | thing | tonlöst läspljud |
Substantiv
Genus
- Maskulinum
- Neutrum
- Femininum
Pronomen
Personliga pronomen
| Nominativ | Ackusativ | Dativ | Genitiv | ||||
Iċ | jag | mē, mec | mig | mē | mig | mīn | min |
þū | du | þē | dig | þē | dig | þīn | din |
hē | han | hine | honom | him | honom | his | hans |
hēo | hon | hīe | henne | hire | henne | hire | hennes |
hit | den, det | hit | den, det | him | den, det | his | dess |
wē | vi | ūs | oss | ūs | oss | ūre | vår |
ġē | ni | ēow | er | ēow | er | ēower | er |
hīe | de | hīe | dem | him | dem | hira | deras |
Verb
- Huvudartikel: Fornengelska verb
Oregelbundna verb
Bēon
| Infinitiv | bēon, wesan | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pres. Ind. | iċ eom | iċ bēo | Imp. Ind. | iċ wæs |
| þū eart | þū bist | þū wǣre | ||
| hē is | hēo bið | hit wæs | ||
| hīe sind, sidon | wē bēoð | ġē wǣron | ||
| Presens. Konj. | hē sīe | þū bēo | Imp. Konj. | iċ wǣre |
| wē sīen | ġē bēon | hīe wǣren | ||
| Imperativ | bēo, wes | |||
| bēoð, wesað | ||||
| Participer | bēonde, wesende | |||
| gebēon | ||||
Dōn, gān, willan
| Infinitiv | dōn |
|---|---|
| att göra | |
| Pres. Ind. | iċ dō |
| þū dēst | |
| hēo dēð | |
| wē dōð | |
| Imp. Ind. | iċ dyde |
| þū dydest | |
| wē dydon | |
| Pres. Konj. | iċ dō |
| Imp. Konj. | iċ dyde |
| Participer | dōnde ġedōn |
| Infinitiv | gān |
|---|---|
| att gå | |
| Pres. Ind | iċ gā |
| þū gāst | |
| hit gāð | |
| ġē gāð | |
| Imp. Ind. | hit ēode |
| þū ēodest | |
| ġē ēodon | |
| Pres. Konj. | hēo gā |
| Imp. Konj. | hēo ēode |
| Participer | --- ġegān |
| Infinitiv | willan |
|---|---|
| att vilja | |
| Pres. Ind | iċ wille |
| þū wilt | |
| hē wile | |
| hīe willað | |
| Imp. Ind. | hēo wolde |
| þū woldest | |
| hīe woldon | |
| Pres. Konj. | þū wille |
| Imp. Konj. | þū wolde |
| Participer | willende --- |
Adverb
| Infinitive | gān | ||||||
| Present Participle | gangende | ||||||
| Past Participle | (ġe)gān, (ġe)gāngen | ||||||
| Person | Singular | Plural | |||||
| First | Second | Third | |||||
| Indicative | ic | þū | hē/sēo/hit | wē | gē | hī | |
| Present | gā | gǣst | gǣþ | gāþ | |||
| Preterite | ēode | ēodest | ēode | ēodon | |||
| Subjunctive | Singular | Plural | |||||
| Present | gā | gān | |||||
| Preterite | ēode | ēoden | |||||
| Imperative | Singular | Plural | |||||
| Present | gā | gāþ | |||||
Källor
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