Carme

Carme (JXI)
Upptäckt
UpptäckareS B Nicholson
Upptäcktsdatum30 juli 1938[1]
Uppkallad efterKarme
Omloppsbana
Excentricitet0,132–0,412
Siderisk omloppstid726,3 d R
Måne tillJupiter
Fysikaliska data
Medelradie23 280 000
Area?
Massa1,3·1017
Medeldensitet2 600
Ytgravitation (ekvatorn)0,016
Rotationsperiod11 h 57,4 min
Albedo0,04
Atmosfär
Yttryck0
SammansättningSaknar atmosfär
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Carme (JXI) är en av Jupiters månar. Den upptäcktes i juli 1938 av Seth Barnes Nicholson vid Mount Wilson-observatoriet i Kalifornien. I den grekiska mytologin var Karme en nymf som älskades av Zeus.[1]

Carme fick inte sitt nuvarande namn förrän 1975; innan dess var den enbart känd som "Jupiter XI".

Den har givit namn åt Carme-gruppen som är en grupp av oregelbundna månar som roterar kring Jupiter i retrograda banor på ett avstånd mellan 23 000 000 km och 24 000 000 km med en lutning på cirka 165°.

Referenser

  1. ^ [a b] ”Carme” (på engelska). In depth; by the numbers. NASA Science. 5 december 2017. https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/jupiter-moons/carme/in-depth/. Läst 14 juli 2019. 

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The Galilean satellites (the four largest moons of Jupiter).tif

This composite includes the four largest moons of Jupiter which are known as the Galilean satellites. The Galilean satellites were first seen by the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei in 1610. Shown from left to right in order of increasing distance from Jupiter, Io is closest, followed by Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto.

The order of these satellites from the planet Jupiter helps to explain some of the visible differences among the moons. Io is subject to the strongest tidal stresses from the massive planet. These stresses generate internal heating which is released at the surface and makes Io the most volcanically active body in our solar system. Europa appears to be strongly differentiated with a rock/iron core, an ice layer at its surface, and the potential for local or global zones of water between these layers. Tectonic resurfacing brightens terrain on the less active and partially differentiated moon Ganymede. Callisto, furthest from Jupiter, appears heavily cratered at low resolutions and shows no evidence of internal activity.

North is to the top of this composite picture in which these satellites have all been scaled to a common factor of 10 kilometers (6 miles) per picture element.

The Solid State Imaging (CCD) system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft acquired the Io and Ganymede images in June 1996, the Europa images in September 1996, and the Callisto images in November 1997.

Launched in October 1989, the spacecraft's mission is to conduct detailed studies of the giant planet, its largest moons and the Jovian magnetic environment.