Ayyubiderna
| Ayyubidriket ئەیووبیەکان Dēvlat ē Eyûbiyan | ||||
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| Huvudstad | Damaskus och Kairo (efter 1200-talet) | |||
| Statsskick | Monarki | |||
| Sista Kejsare | Al-Ashraf | |||
| Bildades | 1171 | |||
| – bildades genom | Militärkupp | |||
| Upphörde | 1341 | |||
| Areal | 3000000 km² | |||
| Valuta | dinar | |||
| Tidszon | UTC+3:30 | |||
Ayyubiderna (kurdiska دەوڵەتی ئەییووبی Dewleta Eyûbiyan; arabiska بنو أيوب) var en muslimsk dynasti av kurdisk härkomst som härskade över stora delar av Mellanöstern och Nordafrika mellan 1171 och 1341.
Ayyubiderna grundade ett välde som omfattade Egypten, Syrien och Jemen och fick sin största utsträckning under Saladin som var son till kurden Najm ad-Din Ayyub, guvernör i Baalbek under seldjukerna. Saladin tog Egypten i besittning 1171. Vid sin död 1193 delade Saladin riket mellan sina söner. Ayyubiderna härskade i Egypten fram till 1250, i Jemen till 1260. En gren av släkten höll sig kvar vid makten i Hama fram till 1341.
I Egypten efterträddes ayyubiderna av mamlukerna.
Källor
- Egypten i Nordisk familjebok (andra upplagan, 1907)
Media som används på denna webbplats
Saladin's Standard.svg
Författare/Upphovsman: thespoondragon, Di (they-them), Licens: CC0
Reconstruction of Saladin's personal standard, using a double headed eagle. The specific design of double headed eagle is taken from a coin of a later Ayyubid Sultan, Al-Adil I.
Saladin, the Sultan of Egypt, carried a yellow banner emblazoned with an eagle, possibly inherited from the Zengid dynasty.[1] The Cairo Citadel has a carving of an eagle believed to depict Saladin's emblem, which is missing its heads. According to the Ottoman researcher Evilya Çelebi, it likely originally had two heads,[2] but the carving is commonly depicted with a single head, such as by the Egyptian government on stamps, and in the Lebanese book Saladin: The Story of the Conflict Between the East and West in the 12th and 13th Centuries.
Författare/Upphovsman: thespoondragon, Di (they-them), Licens: CC0
Reconstruction of Saladin's personal standard, using a double headed eagle. The specific design of double headed eagle is taken from a coin of a later Ayyubid Sultan, Al-Adil I.
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Saladin, the Sultan of Egypt, carried a yellow banner emblazoned with an eagle, possibly inherited from the Zengid dynasty.[1] The Cairo Citadel has a carving of an eagle believed to depict Saladin's emblem, which is missing its heads. According to the Ottoman researcher Evilya Çelebi, it likely originally had two heads,[2] but the carving is commonly depicted with a single head, such as by the Egyptian government on stamps, and in the Lebanese book Saladin: The Story of the Conflict Between the East and West in the 12th and 13th Centuries.
Ayyubid Dynasty.svg
Författare/Upphovsman: Fjmustak, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Map of the Ayyubid empire and the surrounding empires in the 12th century.
Författare/Upphovsman: Fjmustak, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Map of the Ayyubid empire and the surrounding empires in the 12th century.