Asiatiska spelen 1990
Asiatiska spelen 1990 | |
Grenar | 310 grenar i 27 sporter |
---|---|
Deltagare | |
Nationer | 36 |
Aktiva | 6 122 |
Värdskap | |
Land | Kina |
Ort | Peking |
Arena | Arbetarstadion |
Invigning | 22 september 1990 |
Spelen öppnades av | Yang Shangkun |
Elden tändes av | Xu Haifeng, Gao Min och Zhang Rongfang |
Avslutning | 7 oktober 1990 |
← Seoul 1986 Hiroshima 1994 → |
Asiatiska spelen 1990, även kända som den XI Asiaden, hölls i Peking i Kina mellan den 22 september och 7 oktober 1990, det var den elfte upplagan av asiatiska spelen och första gången ett större idrottsevenemang anordnades i Kina.[1]
Totalt deltog 6 122 aktiva från 36 olika länder i 310 tävlingar i 27 olika sporter. Det delades ut 976 medaljer (310 guld, 309 silver och 357 brons) och av 36 deltagande länder tog 25 minst en medalj. Det land som tog flest guldmedaljer var Kina (183 stycken), följt av Sydkorea (54 stycken) och Japan (38 stycken).[2]
Förberedelser
Omröstning
Kina inledde 1983 en kampanj för att få arrangera spelen, bland annat skickades delegationer till flera västasiatiska länder. Även Japan hade visat intresse för att arrangera spelen och vid Asiens olympiska råds möte den 28 september 1984 beslutades det att Kina skulle stå värd för spelen 1990 och Japan 1994.[3]
Arenor
Tjugo av de totalt 33 arenorna byggdes för spelen och ytterligare sju renoverades. Huvudarenan var Arbetarstadion som renoverats under två år inför spelen.[4][5] Den enda tävlingen som hölls utanför Peking var seglingen som hölls i kustorten Qinhuangdu.[4]
Ekonomi
Spelen kostade totalt 25 miljarder renminbi yuan, den kinesiska centralregeringen stod för 10,5 miljarder, Pekings lokalregering för 6,5 miljarder, lotteriet 4 miljarder och resten kom från sponsorer och donationer från människor över hela landet.[3]
Symboler
Spelens emblem föreställde kinesiska muren vilken formar en figur som kan läsas både som den latinska bokstaven A för Asien och som den romerska siffran elva, XI, då det var de elfte spelen i ordningen.[4] Som maskot valdes pandan Pan Pan, inspirerad av jättepandan Basi.[6] En enorm staty av Pan Pan placerades på Himmelska fridens torg och mindre avbildningar sattes upp på många platser i staden.[7][8]
Öppningsceremonin
Den tre timmar långa öppningsceremonin inleddes med en procession av fallskärmshoppare iklädda varje medverkande lands nationalfärger som landade på stadions gräsmatta. Över 20 000 gymnaster och dansare framförde livliga scener med himmelska drakar och tjänare. Därefter följde demonstrationer av wushu och regionala danser.[9] Ceremonin bjöd även på pandaballonger och 11 000 duvor.[8]
Från hedersläktaren förklarade statschefen Yang Shangkun spelen officiellt öppnade. Under en pärlgrå himmel tågade de 36 delegationerna in på arenan inför mellan 65 000 och 70 000 åskådare. Xu Haifeng, som vunnit Kinas första olympiska medalj någonsin tände sedan elden.[8][9]
Sporter
Det tävlades i 27 sporter. Nya var softboll, sepak takraw, wushu, kabaddi och kanotsport.[1] Det hölls även uppvisningsmatcher i baseboll och squash.[4]
- Badminton
- Basket
- Bordtennis
- Boxning
- Brottning
- Bågskytte
- Cykling
- Fotboll
- Friidrott
- Fäktning
- Golf
- Gymnastik
- Handboll
- Judo
- Kabaddi
- Kanotsport
- Landhockey
- Rodd
- Segling
- Sepaktakraw
- Simning
- Skytte
- Softboll
- Tennis
- Tyngdlyftning
- Volleyboll
- Wushu
- Basket
Medaljfördelning
* Värdnation
Pl. | Nation | Guld | Silver | Brons | Totalt |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Kina* | 183 | 107 | 51 | 341 |
2 | Sydkorea | 54 | 54 | 73 | 181 |
3 | Japan | 38 | 60 | 76 | 174 |
4 | Nordkorea | 12 | 31 | 38 | 82 |
5 | Iran | 4 | 6 | 8 | 18 |
6 | Pakistan | 4 | 1 | 7 | 12 |
7 | Indonesien | 3 | 6 | 21 | 30 |
8 | Qatar | 3 | 2 | 1 | 6 |
9 | Thailand | 2 | 7 | 8 | 17 |
10 | Malaysia | 2 | 2 | 4 | 8 |
11 | Indien | 1 | 8 | 14 | 23 |
12 | Mongoliet | 1 | 7 | 9 | 17 |
13 | Filippinerna | 1 | 2 | 7 | 10 |
14 | Syrien | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
15 | Oman | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
16 | Taiwan | 0 | 10 | 21 | 31 |
17 | Hongkong | 0 | 2 | 5 | 7 |
18 | Sri Lanka | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
19 | Singapore | 0 | 1 | 4 | 5 |
20 | Bangladesh | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
21 | Burma | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
22 | Laos | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Macao | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Nepal | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Saudiarabien | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Totalt | 310 | 309 | 357 | 976 |
Källor
- ^ [a b] Beijing 1990. Arkiverad 10 februari 2018 hämtat från the Wayback Machine. Olympic Council of Asia. Läst 6 januari 2018.
- ^ Overall Medal Standings - Beijing 1990. Arkiverad 28 februari 2018 hämtat från the Wayback Machine. Olympic Council of Asia. Läst 6 januari 2018.
- ^ [a b] Fan Hong (red). 2013. Sport, Nationalism and Orientalism: The Asian Games. Routledge. ISBN 9781317997719 s.83-86
- ^ [a b c d] 1990. Beijing, showcase for Asian sport. Arkiverad 12 september 2016 hämtat från the Wayback Machine. i Olympic Review. no. 271/272. s. 290-292
- ^ Xu Kaiping. 1989. Beijings new skyline for the 11th Asian Games. Arkiverad 12 september 2016 hämtat från the Wayback Machine. i Olympic Review. no. 259. s. 221-222.
- ^ (16 september 2017). A panda to remember: Moments of Basi's 37-year-long life. Xinhua. Läst 7 januari 2018.
- ^ Miles, James A. R. 1997. The Legacy of Tiananmen: China in Disarray. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 9780472084517. s. 68.
- ^ [a b c] Kristof, Nicholas D. (23 september 1990). Games Offering China a Chance To Polish Image. The New York Times. Läst 7 januari 2018.
- ^ [a b] 1990. Outstanding Chinese performances all round. Arkiverad 12 september 2016 hämtat från the Wayback Machine. i Olympic Review. no. 277. s. 512-515.
Externa länkar
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