Asiatiska spelen 1978
| Asiatiska spelen 1978 | |
| Grenar | 201 grenar i 19 sporter |
|---|---|
| Deltagare | |
| Nationer | 25 |
| Aktiva | 3 842 |
| Värdskap | |
| Land |  Thailand |
| Ort | Bangkok |
| Arena | Suphachalasai Stadium |
| Invigning | 9 december 1978 |
| Spelen öppnades av | Bhumibol Adulyadej |
| Avslutning | 20 december 1978 |
New Delhi 1982 → | |
Asiatiska spelen 1978, även kända som den åttonde Asiaden, hölls i Bangkok i Thailand mellan den 9 och 20 december 1978.[1][2] Totalt deltog 3 842 idrottare från 25 olika länder.[3]
Det anordnades 201 tävlingar i 19 olika sporter. Det land som tog flest guldmedaljer var Japan (70 stycken), följt av Kina (51 stycken) och Sydkorea (18 stycken). Huvudarena för spelen var Suphachalasai Stadium.[1]
Förberedelser
Val av arrangörsort
Vid Asian Games Federations möte under de olympiska sommarspelen 1972 i München valdes Singapore till värdstad för spelen 1978 efter en omröstning där Singapore fått 20 röster mot japanska Fukuokas 15 röster.[4][5] Efter att ha arrangerat South-east Asian Peninsular Games 1973 drog sig staden ur på grund av finansiella problem.[3][4] Pakistans huvudstad Islamabad valdes då som värdstad, men i juni 1975 drog sig även Pakistan ur på grund av ekonomiska problem samt konflikter med Bangladesh och Indien.[3][5][6] Efter en ny jakt på arrangörsorter gick Thailand med på att återigen hålla spelen i Bangkok och staden fick cirka 2,7 miljoner dollar från 11 länder för att hjälpa till med kostnaderna.[5][7]
Öppningsceremonin
Spelen öppnades den 9 december av Thailands kung Bhumibol Adulyadej inför en publik på 50 000 åskådare på Suphachalasai Stadium.[3][8] Ceremonin inleddes med 21 fallskärmshoppare som hoppade från tre helikoptrar och landade på arenan där de gav honnör åt kungen och sedan lämnade över den officiella flaggan till premiärminister Kriangsak Chomanan som var ordförande för organisationskommittén.[8] Delegationer med idrottare och funktionärer tågade in på stadion ackompanjerade av militärmusiker, de följde det thailändska alfabetets bokstavsordning med Demokratiska Kampucheas två funktionärer först, följda av Qatar och Sydkorea, undantaget var värdnationen Thailands delegation som tågade in sist.[8]
Spelen förklarades öppnade av kungen och 1 978 duvor släpptes.[8] Elden tändes av tennisspelaren Panomkorn Pladchurnil och simmaren Rachaniwan Bulakul, varefter fyrverkerier sköts upp och sedan svor cyklisten Preeda Chullamondhol idrottarnas ed.[8][9] Sedan följde en dansuppvisning med över 1 000 dansare och gymnastikövningar till musik utförda av 800 ungdomar.[8]
Sporter
Det tävlades i 201 grenar i 19 sporter.[1] Bågskytte och bowling var nya sporter på programmet.[2][10]
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Medaljfördelning
Totalt delades 625 medaljer ut (201 guld, 198 silver och 226 brons).[11] För åttonde gången i rad toppades medaljtabellen av Japan (70 guld, 177 medaljer), följt av Kina (51 guld, 151 medaljer) och Sydkorea (18 guld, 69 medaljer).[12][13]
* Värdnation
| Pl. | Nation | Guld | Silver | Brons | Totalt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Japan | 70 | 58 | 49 | 177 |
| 2 |  Kina | 51 | 54 | 46 | 151 |
| 3 |  Sydkorea | 18 | 20 | 31 | 69 |
| 4 |  Nordkorea | 15 | 13 | 15 | 43 |
| 5 | Thailand* | 11 | 11 | 20 | 42 |
| 6 |  Indien | 11 | 11 | 6 | 28 |
| 7 |  Indonesien | 8 | 7 | 18 | 33 |
| 8 |  Pakistan | 4 | 4 | 9 | 17 |
| 9 |  Filippinerna | 4 | 4 | 6 | 14 |
| 10 |  Irak | 2 | 4 | 6 | 12 |
| 11 |  Singapore | 2 | 1 | 4 | 7 |
| 12 |  Malaysia | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 |
| 13 |  Mongoliet | 1 | 3 | 5 | 9 |
| 14 |  Libanon | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 15 |  Syrien | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 16 |  Burma | 0 | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 17 |  Hongkong | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| 18 |  Sri Lanka | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 19 |  Kuwait | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totalt | 201 | 198 | 226 | 625 | |
Deltagande nationer
3 842 idrottare vilka representerade 25 av Asian Games Federations 32 medlemsländer deltog i spelen.[1][3] Israel hade uteslutits helt från Asian Games Federation och Bangladesh, Förenade Arabemiraten, Libanon, Qatar och Saudiarabien var nya medlemsländer.[14] Demokratiska Kampuchea och Iran deltog endast med funktionärer.[8]
Källor
- ^ [a b c d] Bangkok 1978. Arkiverad 27 juni 2022 hämtat från the Wayback Machine. Olympic Council of Asia. Läst 18 november 2019.
- ^ [a b] Organizing Committee of the 8th Asian games Bangkok 1978. Official Results. Arkiverad 13 maj 2021 hämtat från the Wayback Machine. s. 5-20.
- ^ [a b c d e] History of Asian Games. insidethegames.biz. Läst 20 november 2019.
- ^ [a b] Peh Shing Huei. (29 juli 2018). How Singapore won, and lost, the bid to host Asian Games. Singapore National Olympic Council. Läst 20 november 2019.
- ^ [a b c] Nauright, John & Parrish, Charles. (2012). Sports Around the World: History, Culture, and Practice, Volume 2. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781598843002. s. 187.
- ^ (1 juni 1975). Pakistan makes it official now... The Straits Times. s. 31. Läst 20 november 2019.
- ^ Pervez Qaiser, S. (1 december 1998). Brief history of Asian Games. The Tribune. Läst 20 november 2019.
- ^ [a b c d e f g] Godfrey, Robert. (10 december 1978). Pomp and pageantry fit for a king... The Straits Times. s. 30. Läst 20 november 2019.
- ^ Thangarajah, Edward (red). (1980). Thailand Sports 1980. Arkiverad 7 juli 2022 hämtat från the Wayback Machine. Thailands olympiska kommitté. s. 11.
- ^ (8 november 2010). Asian Games gets bigger and bigger. NDTV. Läst 18 november 2019.
- ^ (27 oktober 2010). 1978 Bangkok Asian Games - Medals Tally. The Times of India. Läst 18 november 2019.
- ^ (21 december 1978). Medals. Final tally. The Straits Times. s. 31. Läst 20 november 2019.
- ^ Infostrada Sports. (11 november 2010). FACTBOX - Asian Games history. Reuters. Läst 20 november 2019.
- ^ Bell, Daniel. (2016). Encyclopedia of International Games. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. ISBN 9781476615271. s. 61.
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