Agavesläktet
| Agavesläktet | |
 (c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0 Drottningagave (A. victoria-reginae) | |
| Systematik | |
|---|---|
| Domän | Eukaryoter Eukaryota |
| Rike | Växter Plantae |
| Division | Fröväxter Spermatophyta |
| Underdivision | Gömfröväxter Angiospermae |
| Klass | Enhjärtbladiga växter Monocotyledonae |
| Ordning | Sparrisordningen Asparagales |
| Familj | Agaveväxter Agavaceae |
| Släkte | Agavesläktet Agave |
| Vetenskapligt namn | |
| § Agave | |
| Auktor | Linné, 1753 |
| Arter (urval) | |
| |
Agavesläktet (Agave) är ett släkte med suckulenta växter i familjen sparrisväxter.[1], med cirka 200 arter utbredda från södra USA till Västindien, Centralamerika och tropiska Sydamerika. Några få arter odlas som krukväxter i Sverige.
De karaktäriseras av hög, förvedad stam och tjocka, taggiga, tuvade blad. Alla arterna har sina naturliga utbredningsområden i de varma trakterna i Amerika, till exempel Mexiko.
Användning
Många arter är populära krukväxter och används ofta som imponerande solitärer i sommarplanteringar och urnor.
En av de historiskt mest betydelsefulla naturfibrerna, sisal, som använts till rep, mattor m.m., kommer från sisalagave (Agave sisalana).
Tequila tillverkas av tequilaagave (A. tequilana). Agave ingår med minst 51% i spritdrycken. "Tequila 100% de agave" är gjord på enbart agave som råvara.
Andra agave-arter används till spritdrycken mescal. Följande arter används som mescal-råvara:
- Agave (A. americana)
- Häckagave* (A. karwinskii)
- Magueyagave* (A. angustifolia)
- Mescalagave (A. parryi)
- Pulqueagave (A. atrovirens)
- Sapariagave* (A. inaequidens)
- Stor mescalagave* (A. longisepala)
- Tequilaagave (A. tequilana)
- Ölagave* (A. salmiana)
Produktion
| Nr | Område | Produktion (ton) | Andel (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Colombia | 13 922 | 36,47 |
| 2 |  Mexiko | 6 028 | 15,79 |
| 3 |  Nicaragua | 5 629 | 14,75 |
| 4 |  Ecuador | 4 528 | 11,86 |
| 5 |  Filippinerna | 3 970 | 10,40 |
| 6 |  Kuba | 2 248 | 5,89 |
| 7 |  El Salvador | 1 738 | 4,55 |
| 8 |  Guatemala | 110 | 0,29 |
| Total världsproduktion[2] | 38 173 | 100,00 | |
| Källa: FN:s livsmedels- och jordbruksorganisation:s data för år 2019.[3] | |||
Dottertaxa till Agave, i alfabetisk ordning[1]
- Agave acicularis
- Agave acklinicola
- Agave ajoensis
- Agave aktites
- Agave albescens
- Agave albomarginata
- Agave albopilosa
- Agave americana
- Agave angustiarum
- Agave anomala
- Agave antillarum
- Agave applanata
- Agave arcedianoensis
- Agave arizonica
- Agave arubensis
- Agave asperrima
- Agave atrovirens
- Agave attenuata
- Agave aurea
- Agave avellanidens
- Agave bahamana
- Agave beauleriana
- Agave boldinghiana
- Agave boscii
- Agave bovicornuta
- Agave braceana
- Agave bracteosa
- Agave brevipetala
- Agave brevispina
- Agave brittoniana
- Agave cacozela
- Agave cajalbanensis
- Agave calodonta
- Agave cantala
- Agave capensis
- Agave caribaeicola
- Agave cerulata
- Agave chazaroi
- Agave chiapensis
- Agave chrysantha
- Agave chrysoglossa
- Agave cocui
- Agave collina
- Agave colorata
- Agave congesta
- Agave cundinamarcensis
- Agave cupreata
- Agave dasylirioides
- Agave datylio
- Agave decipiens
- Agave delamateri
- Agave de-meesteriana
- Agave deserti
- Agave difformis
- Agave durangensis
- Agave dussiana
- Agave eggersiana
- Agave ehrenbergii
- Agave ellemeetiana
- Agave ensifera
- Agave evadens
- Agave felgeri
- Agave filifera
- Agave flexispina
- Agave fortiflora
- Agave fourcroydes
- Agave funkiana
- Agave garciae-mendozae
- Agave gentryi
- Agave ghiesbreghtii
- Agave gigantensis
- Agave gilbertii
- Agave glomeruliflora
- Agave gracilipes
- Agave grisea
- Agave guadalajarana
- Agave guiengola
- Agave gypsophila
- Agave harrisii
- Agave havardiana
- Agave hiemiflora
- Agave hookeri
- Agave horrida
- Agave hurteri
- Agave impressa
- Agave inaequidens
- Agave inaguensis
- Agave indagatorum
- Agave intermixta
- Agave isthmensis
- Agave jaiboli
- Agave jarucoensis
- Agave karatto
- Agave karwinskii
- Agave kerchovei
- Agave kewensis
- Agave lagunae
- Agave lechuguilla
- Agave longipes
- Agave macroacantha
- Agave mapisaga
- Agave margaritae
- Agave marmorata
- Agave maximiliana
- Agave mckelveyana
- Agave microceps
- Agave millspaughii
- Agave minor
- Agave missionum
- Agave mitis
- Agave montana
- Agave montium-sancticaroli
- Agave moranii
- Agave multifilifera
- Agave murpheyi
- Agave nashii
- Agave nayaritensis
- Agave neglecta
- Agave nickelsii
- Agave nizandensis
- Agave nussaviorum
- Agave obscura
- Agave ocahui
- Agave ornithobroma
- Agave oroensis
- Agave ortgiesiana
- Agave ovatifolia
- Agave pachycentra
- Agave palmeri
- Agave papyrocarpa
- Agave parrasana
- Agave parryi
- Agave parvidentata
- Agave parviflora
- Agave peacockii
- Agave pelona
- Agave pendula
- Agave petiolata
- Agave petrophila
- Agave phillipsiana
- Agave polianthiflora
- Agave polyacantha
- Agave potatorum
- Agave potreriana
- Agave promontorii
- Agave pumila
- Agave rhodacantha
- Agave rovelliana
- Agave rutteniae
- Agave rzedowskiana
- Agave salmiana
- Agave scaposa
- Agave schidigera
- Agave schneideriana
- Agave schottii
- Agave sebastiana
- Agave seemanniana
- Agave shaferi
- Agave shawii
- Agave shrevei
- Agave sisalana
- Agave sobolifera
- Agave sobria
- Agave spicata
- Agave striata
- Agave stricta
- Agave stringens
- Agave subsimplex
- Agave tecta
- Agave tenuifolia
- Agave tequilana
- Agave thomasiae
- Agave titanota
- Agave toumeyana
- Agave triangularis
- Agave tubulata
- Agave underwoodii
- Agave univittata
- Agave utahensis
- Agave valenciana
- Agave wallisii
- Agave warelliana
- Agave vazquezgarciae
- Agave weberi
- Agave vera-cruz
- Agave wercklei
- Agave vicina
- Agave victoriae-reginae
- Agave wildingii
- Agave vilmoriniana
- Agave vivipara
- Agave vizcainoensis
- Agave wocomahi
- Agave xylonacantha
- Agave zebra
Bildgalleri
Agave americana
Mall:Tysp
Agave angustifolia
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave chrysantha
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0Agave desmettiana
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0Agave filifera
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave guiengola
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0Agave pacifica
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) I, KENPEI, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave sisalana
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0Agave tequilana
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave victoriae-reginae
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0Agave ×arizonica
Källor
- Walters, S.M. (1986). The European Garden Flora, Vol. 1. Pteridophyta; Gymnospermae; Angiospermae — Alismataceae to Iridaceae. ISBN 0-521-24859-0
- Flora of North America - Agave
- Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops
- ^ [a b] Roskov Y., Kunze T., Orrell T., Abucay L., Paglinawan L., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Decock W., De Wever A., Didžiulis V. (ed) (2 oktober 2014). ”Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2014 Annual Checklist.”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2014/browse/tree/id/17087398. Läst 26 maj 2014.
- ^ Rubriken "Agave fibres nes" inkluderar enligt källan: Agave foetida, Agave fourcroydes, Agave lecheguilla, Agave cantala, Agave americana, Agave letonae
- ^ ”Crops” (på engelska). FAOSTAT. FN:s livsmedels- och jordbruksorganisation. 22 december 2020. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC. Läst 3 februari 2021.
Externa länkar
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Agavesläktet.
Wikispecies har information om Agavesläktet.
Media som används på denna webbplats
Agave colorata 1.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave colorata at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave colorata at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
Agave victoriae-reginae lv 2.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave victoriae-reginae at the Springs Preserve gardens in Las Vegas, Nevada
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave victoriae-reginae at the Springs Preserve gardens in Las Vegas, Nevada
Agave xylonacantha 1.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave xylonacantha at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave xylonacantha at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
Agave wocomahi 1.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave wocomahi at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave wocomahi at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
Agave falcata espadina 2.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave falcata var. espadina at the University of California Botanical Garden
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave falcata var. espadina at the University of California Botanical Garden
Agave ocahui 2.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave ocahui at the University of California Botanical Garden
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave ocahui at the University of California Botanical Garden
_02.jpg)
Agave attenuata (Barlovento) 02.jpg
Författare/Upphovsman: Frank Vincentz, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave attenuata growing in Barlovento, La Palma, Canary Islands
Författare/Upphovsman: Frank Vincentz, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave attenuata growing in Barlovento, La Palma, Canary Islands
Agave wercklei 1.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave wercklei at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave wercklei at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
Agave polyacantha 2.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave polyacantha at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave polyacantha at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
Agave guiengola - JBM.jpg
Författare/Upphovsman: Montrealais, Licens: CC BY 3.0
Agave guiengola, Jardin Botanique de Montréal
Författare/Upphovsman: Montrealais, Licens: CC BY 3.0
Agave guiengola, Jardin Botanique de Montréal
Agave ferox 3.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave ferox at the San Francisco Botanical Garden
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave ferox at the San Francisco Botanical Garden
Agave inaequidens ssp barrancensis.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave inaequidens ssp. barrancensis at the Living Desert in Palm Desert, California
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave inaequidens ssp. barrancensis at the Living Desert in Palm Desert, California
Agave toumeyana var bella 1.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave toumeyana var. bella at the University of California Botanical Garden
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave toumeyana var. bella at the University of California Botanical Garden
Agave macroacantha 1.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave macroacantha at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave macroacantha at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
Agave shrevei ssp shrevei 1.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave shrevei subsp. shrevei at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave shrevei subsp. shrevei at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
Agave desmettiana 2.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave desmettiana at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave desmettiana at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
Agave sebastiana 1.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave sebastiana at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave sebastiana at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
Agave tequilana 2.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave tequilana t at Dona Engracia hacienda, Jalisco, Mexico
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave tequilana t at Dona Engracia hacienda, Jalisco, Mexico
Agave.potatorum.kewgardens.london.arp.jpg
Agave salmiana at Kew Gardens, London, England, very roughly 3 feet (1 metre) high.
The tubes are glass sculptures (part of an exhibition).
Agave shawii 1.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave shawii at Regional Parks Botanic Garden
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave shawii at Regional Parks Botanic Garden
Agave-chrysantha-20080330.JPG
Författare/Upphovsman: Miwasatoshi, Licens: CC BY-SA 4.0
Agave chrysantha, cultivated, Desert Botanical Garden, Phoenix, Arizona
Författare/Upphovsman: Miwasatoshi, Licens: CC BY-SA 4.0
Agave chrysantha, cultivated, Desert Botanical Garden, Phoenix, Arizona
Agave ornithobroma 1.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave ornithobroma at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave ornithobroma at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
Agave bracteosa.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave bracteosa (spider agave) at the Desert Demonstration Garden in Las Vegas, Nevada
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave bracteosa (spider agave) at the Desert Demonstration Garden in Las Vegas, Nevada
Agave filifera 2.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave filifera at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave filifera at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
Agave americana.jpg
Författare/Upphovsman: Alberto Salguero, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Maguey manso o pulquero (Agave salmiana)
Författare/Upphovsman: Alberto Salguero, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Maguey manso o pulquero (Agave salmiana)
Agave lechuguilla0.jpg
Författare/Upphovsman: Kurt Stüber [1], Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Författare/Upphovsman: Kurt Stüber [1], Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Species: Agave lechuguilla
Family: Agavaceae
Agave murpheyi 02.jpg
Författare/Upphovsman: Digigalos, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave murpheyi. Foto tomada en el Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid.
Författare/Upphovsman: Digigalos, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave murpheyi. Foto tomada en el Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid.
Agave missionum 1.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave missionum at the University of California Botanical Garden
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave missionum at the University of California Botanical Garden
Agave vilmoriniana 1.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave vilmoriniana (octopus agave) at the Desert Demonstration Garden in Las Vegas
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave vilmoriniana (octopus agave) at the Desert Demonstration Garden in Las Vegas
Agave gentryi 1.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave gentryi at the University of California Botanical Garden
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photo of Agave gentryi at the University of California Botanical Garden
Agave karwinskii 1.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave karwinskii at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave karwinskii at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
Agave pacifica 1.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave pacifica at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave pacifica at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California
Agave bovicornuta Top View 2000px.jpg
© Derek Ramsey / derekramsey.com, GFDL 1.2
© Derek Ramsey / derekramsey.com, GFDL 1.2
A top view picture of the Agave bovicornuta en plant. Photo taken at the Chanticleer Garden where it was identified.
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Agave polianthiflora 1.jpg
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
(c) Stan Shebs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agave polianthiflora — endemic to northern Mexico.
- Specimen in the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley, California.
